Chemistry (Zumdahl 10th AP) - Chapter 2: Vocabulary and Formulae

law of conservation of mass

mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction

law of definite proportions

a given compound always contains exactly the same proportions of elements by mass

law of multiple proportions

when two elements form a series of componds, the ratios of the masses of the second element that combine with 1g of the first element can always be reduced to small whole numbers

atomic masses

the mass of an atom of a chemical element expressed in atomic mass units

atomic weights

another term for atomic mass

Avogadro's hypothesis

at the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of different gases contain the same number of particles

Dalton's atomic theory

1. All elements are composed of atoms

2. All atoms of a given element are identicle

3. Chemical compounds are formed when atoms combine

4. Atoms are not changed in a chemical reaction, but they way they are bound together changes.