Period 2 APUSH Test Review

British Motivation

wealth, space, gold

Enclosure Movement

limited available land, rich people buy land and get rid of residents in the land

Primogeniture Laws

estates go to 1st born son

Jamestown

joint-stock company funded, brought too many gentlemen and not skilled traders, obsessed with finding gold

John Smith

forced settlers to find shelter for survival instead of looking for goldJO

John Rolfe

created economy by smuggling in tobacco seeds and planting them to sell

Charter of the Virginia Company

guaranteed all settlers “rights of englishmen”

House of Burgesses

first representative body in America

Maryland

Lord Baltimore founded for catholics

South Carolina

attracted rich and wealthy aristocrats

North Carolina

small farmers and outcasts

Georgia

Oglethorp’s haven for debtors, buffer between Spanish and Carolinas

rice

sc, ga

tobacco

va, md

headright system

encouraged indentured servants to come to New world

southern conflict with native americans

constant demand for land, headright system

Church of England

southern colonies

why were puritans and separatists persecuted

the king feared overthrow of political authority, didnt support anglicans

separatists

wanted to break away from anglican church entirely

puritans

wanted to cleanse the anglican church of catholic rituals

massachusets

Winthrop governed for puritans, immoral=illegal, government is to enforce God’s will

Anne Hutchinson

heretic woman

Roger Williams

believed in religious freedom and separation of church and state, founded Rhode island

praying towns

supervised NA as they adopted english ways and converted to Christianity

king philip’s war

many tribes protested NE expansion in settlements

New York

closed the gap between south and north colonies

Pennsylvania

Penn founded as a place for Quakers

Halfway Covenant

granted baptism and partial membership to kin of church members to increase populations but ultimately weakened devotion

Dominion of New England

enforced Navigation Acts and strengthen control over colonies

Middle Colonies

ethicnally, religiously diverse, more democratic, medium size farms, grain/lumber

New England Colonies

gap between rich and poor was smaller, high literacy rates, congregational church, rapid pop growth, subsistence/small farming, shipbuilding

Southern colonies

cities grew slowly, Church of England, few schools, cash crops tobacco and rice

Immigration Patterns

fewer English settlers came as living conditions improved and religious conflicts diminshed. immigrants from scotland and germany increased

Demographics

colonial population doubled every 25 years, because of size there was shift in power

Power of the Press

John Zenger set a legal precedent for freedom of the press

Great Awakening

religious revival in 1730’s across everyone, as it was clear religion is for all

Glorious Revolution

King James II was overthrown and Bill of rights was put in place to outlaw permanent military during times of peace

Enlightenment

thinkers focused on reason and questioned monarchy’s unlimited power

John Locke

people have God-given natural rights

Colonial Experience

percent of men increased of men who were eligible to vote, town governments controlled local affairs, colonial assemblies controlled salaries of royal governors

Salutary Neglect

allowed self-rule in exchange for colonies’ support of British economic policies and assistance with foreign wars

Magna Carta

King was forbidden to collect taxes without consent of nobles

Navigation Acts

British laws that controlled colonial trade

Provisions of the Navigation Acts

only English or colonial ships could transport goods, only certain goods (cotton, sugar, cotton) could be shipped to england, all European goods going to the colonies had to pass through england first to be taxed

How did the Navigation Acts affect Great Britain

increased control over colonies, made lots of profit, strengthened British shipping industry

How did the Navigation Acts affect the colonies?

limited who they could trade with, goods were more expensive, led to resentment, increased smuggling

Mercantalism increase wealth and power

export more than import, collect gold and silver, control colonies, limit imports with tariffs

Colonies in mercantalist system

provided raw materials, bought manufactured goods, not trading freely, help mother country