Drugs and the PNS

ACh is mostly responsible for __________ effects - muscarinic receptors.

parasympathetic

NA is mostly responsible for __________ effects - nicotinic receptors.

sympathetic

Muscarinic receptors are all __________ coupled.

G-protein

Odd numbers of muscarinic receptors are linked to __________ and even numbers are linked to __________.

Gq; Gi

Drugs acting at the ganglion are harder to determine what their action will be due to their __________ effects.

variable

The only type of receptor expressed at the NMJ is the __________ type of receptor.

nicotinic

Neostigmine is an example of a __________ drug.

anticholinesterase

Muscarinic agonists cause pupillary contraction which helps fluid to drain in __________.

closed angle glaucoma

A receptor type predominantly involved in respiratory effects is __________.

β2

The drug __________ is used in asthma to relax the smooth muscle of the bronchi and bronchioles.

Ipratropium

The __________ agonist causes bronchoconstriction by acting on the M3 receptor.

muscarinic

Effects of agonists do not discriminate between __________ and __________ ganglia.

sympathetic; parasympathetic

2 antagonists, prazosin and doxazosin, are used clinically as __________ drugs.

antihypertensive

Atropine is a muscarinic receptor __________ used in cardiac under-activity.

antagonist

The neurotransmitter __________ is responsible for stimulating secretion and GI motility.

ACh

In myasthenia gravis, the condition is characterized by autoimmune destruction of the __________ type of receptor.

nicotinic

Tubocurarine acts as a competitive __________ at the neuromuscular junction.

antagonist

Involuntary urination can be treated with muscarinic receptor __________ such as oxybutynin.

antagonists

Binds to receptor and activates it, having the same effect as __________ mediator.

endogenous