Flatrock PPCT

T/F If on the ground, officers should use strikes to temporarily disable or stun the attacker before attempting the shoulder pin restraint

True

What’s an example of gross motor skills?

Isosceles shooting stance

What’s an example of complex motor skills?

A series of muscle groups in a series of movements

What’s the definition of combat anxiety

Anticipation of danger

What are the steps to falling safely?

Get as low to the ground as possible by bending the knees, think “round” and relax and unlock the joints, transfer impact by slapping the ground

What are the 2 branches of the automatic nervous system?

Parasympathetic nervous system

and sympathetic nervous system.

The officer is in the prone position, has assumed to fend off punches, he/she will move to what position is there is no pressure on the back

Ground defense position

What are the pressure point techniques considered?

Pain compliance

What pressure point is located at the trapezius muscle?

Suprascapular

What’s the definition of survival stress

Deadly force threat that activates the SNS

What 2 philosophies does PPCT cover

Touch pressure and striking

What pressure point is located on the calf

Tibial nerve motor point

What pressure point is located outside of the thigh approximately 6 inches above the knee?

Common peroneal

What is the primary target for the straight punch

Torso

What pressure point is located at the base of the shin just above the instep?

Superficial peroneal

what is a primary distraction technique

knee method

What are strategies used to enhance an officers survival response when encountering a suspect

Maintain a predetermined survival response

What is the purpose of a strike

To cause motor dysfunction

What 3 standards were used to create HFRG techniques

Tactical, Legal & Medical

Definition of survival stress

Deadly force threat that activates the sympathetic nervous system

Definition of combat stress

Mental/psychological symptoms of going from SNS to PNS “backlash”

Autonomic nervous system has two branches? what are they?

Parasympathetic nervous system and Sympathetic nervous system

4 triggers that activate SNS are?

Objective threat perceptions, objective fear perceptions, physical exhaustion, and startle response

Physical exhaustion is caused by depletion of this fuel system

Adenosine Triphosphate/ Phosphocreatine ( ATP/PC)

SNS activation can also cause critical incident amnesia, how does sleep help?

First sleep period increases recall of events 50-90%, most complete recovery after second sleep period.

3 basic motor skills classifications

Fine motor skills, complex motor skills, gross motor skills

What theory states that stress levels increase, performance deteriorates

Inverted U-law

Perceptions come from what senses?

Sight, sound, taste, touch, smell, & sixth sense

Where’s the first place perceptions are managed

Short term sensory store (STSS) receives information and hold the image

Where are perceptions analyzed and evaluated and strategy formed

Short term memory STM

Where does a response strategy have to come from if there is nothing in the STM

Long term memory (LTM)

What are the combat variables?

Mindset

Nutrition/hydration

Fitness

Belief system

What are the 2 groups of carbohydrates

Fast burning, slow burning

What are proteins

Maintain and build muscle used as energy source

What are fats

A source of energy, slow entry of carbs into bloodstream, make you feel fuller

What amount of fluid loss can impair functions and increase fatigue

2% of body weight

Bodies 3 primary energy systems

ATP/PC system

Lactic acid system

Aerobic system

What energy levels do you have ATP/PC system

100% max output for 10-15 seconds, then decrease up to 45%

Lactic acid system provides what energy level?

45 seconds of intermediate energy after ATP system used up

After 90 seconds the ATP system and then the lactic acid system are used up leaving what system?

Aerobic system where you are at 31% output

What law states if you have more than one option to select from you reaction time increases?

Hicks law

Definition of reaction time?

Time to see, analyze, and initiate physical response

Definition of movement time

Initiation of motor skill to end

Definition of response time

Reaction time + movement time

What are the 3 relative positions for an officer

Avoid inside position

Field interview stance

Escort and handcuff position

Reactionary gap principle

Safe zone minimum that an officer should maintain with others

Tactical reactionary gap options

Penetrate and disengage

Penetrate

Close range techniques

Disengage

Use tactics on edge of gap

How do you choose your handcuffs

Match training, consider the environment, and subject compliance

Handcuff maintenance includes what

Cleaning, mechanical failures, unlocking trouble, and single bar will not ratchet

What is the most fundamental and critical aspect of tactical handcuffing

Proper grip

Handcuffing proper grip

Pistol grip-index, middle and ring finger in between handcuffs

Behind earlobe between mastiod/ mandible

Mandibular angle pressure point ( pressure in and toward the tip of the nose)

At base of nose

Infra-orbital nerve pressure point

1 inch forward of r notch of mandible and under jaw

Hypoglossal Pressure Point

Side of neck 3 inches up from base

Brachial plexus origin pressure point ( can be touch pressure in or stunning/striking

Above armpit at junction of pectoralis, bicep, deltoid

Brachial plexus tie-in motor point ( strike meant to stun)

Where the trapezius connects to side of neck

Suprascapular nerve motor point (strike toward floor)

2 inches below the elbow joint on top of forearm

Radial nerve motor point

On inside of forearm at base of the wrist, just above heel of hand

Median nerve motor point

in middle of inside of thigh halfway between groin and knee

Femoral nerve motor point

On outside of thigh about 6 inches above knee

Common peroneal nerve motor point

On top of the calf just below the knee

Tibial nerve motor point

At base of shin, just above instep

Superficial peroneal never motor point

What is included in reporting use of force

Officers arrival ( marked car, uniform, # of officers)

Approach (observations and verbal commands)

subject actions (verbal, body, physical actions

Officer actions( type of control, duration of resistance, de-escalation, restraint)

Transportation procedure (location, length, actions

Deadly force justifications

Defense of officer or another in IMMINENT danger or death / great bodily injury, or fleeing felon who threatened officer with weapon, or fleeing felon who committed crime with or threat of serious physical harm and the use of deadly force is necessary to prevent escape

1.      What are the levels or resistance from low to high?
(Subject-based)

Psychological intimidation
Verbal non-compliance
Passive resistance
Defensive resistance
Active aggression
Deadly force assault

Examples of psychological intimidation

Nonverbal cues, blank stare, clenching fist

1.      What are examples of verbal non-compliance?

Verbally telling you that they won’t comply or threatening statement.

Examples of passive resistance

Dead weight, not complying but not fighting

Examples of defensive resistance

Any action to stop officer from gaining control (side arm curl, straight arm lock) 

1.      What are examples of active aggression?

Challenging/ advancing some physical assault with less than deadly force

Examples of deadly force assault

May result in great bodily harm or death

1.      What are the levels of control from low to high?
(Officer-based)

Officer presence
Verbal direction
Soft empty hand techniques
Hard empty hand techniques
Intermediate weapons
Deadly force

two theories of control

total control theory and the one plus one theory

1.      What is the distraction techniques control principle?

Use of control techniques that weaken motor action by changing the thought process lasting 3 seconds to get subject to ground and handcuffed
(primarily knee strike which you repeat immediately if necessary and used with joint lock)

1.      What is the balance displacement control principle?

Control techniques that displace balance thru the principles of leverage, move center of gravity (pelvic bone) beyond subject's feet
(distraction technique + officer rotation + take down)

1.      What is the motor dysfunction control principle (unique to HFRG)?

Control striking technique that overstimulates nerves, resulting in temporary muscle impairment (cramp 30 seconds to 7 minutes)
Must strike a nerve motor point or sensitive point around it, fluid shock wave principle, kinetic energy

two methods of application in the HFRG system

Touch pressure and striking

1.      What are the five steps to correctly apply pressure to a nerve pressure point?

Stabilize the head
Apply pressure / counter pressure
Apply pressure suing digital tip
Use loud repetitive verbal commands
Let up on pressure when command is obeyed

1.      Efficiency of strike is based on?

Velocity
Mass
Energy duration

When conducting an Iron Wrist Take Down, what must you do in order to gain full control of the subject?

Be sure you are pulling straight down below your knee and walk backwards

Definition of combat anxiety

anticipation of danger

How can you manage backlash

laying horizontally, eating fast burning carbohydrates

Fine motor skills

Hand/eye coordination, ability decreases over 115 bpm

Complex motor skills

series of muscle groups, ability decreases over 145 bpm

gross motor skills

large muscle groups, ability increases with heart rate

Hicks law

Each option added increases reaction time 58% or 150 milliseconds

1.      What is the four prong test for legal considerations for use of force according to HFRG?

Was there a need for application of force?
Was the use of force proportional to the resistance level?
Was the subject injury proportional to level or resistance?
Was the force applied in good faith based upon facts at time of incident?

1.      Three situations you can handcuff?

Committed crime / arrested
Escape risk
Safety hazard to themselves or others

1.      When you arrest there are three types of subjects?

Totally cooperative (most common)
Potentially uncooperative (intoxicated, experienced criminal)
Totally uncooperative (do not attempt to handcuff unless subject is under control

When do you double lock handcuffs

when tactically safe to do so

1.      Three tactical considerations for handcuffing?

Approach to contact
Control upon touch
Speed in application

1.      Four most common forms of resistance?

During handcuffing
Passive actions (dead weight)
Escort position resistance
Active aggression

1.      When do you use soft empty hand control techniques and what are examples?

Passive or defensive resistance or when verbal direction not enough.
Strength techniques, joint locks, pressure points, distraction techniques
(little or no potential for injury)

1.      When do you use hard empty hand control techniques and what are examples?

Active aggression, possibly defensive resistance.
Defensive counter strikes, shoulder pin restraint -(bruises and lacerations, target large muscle groups)