Slides Monday Fr Ivan

Sociology

The study of society and social behavior, exploring the external social factors that affect business. It examines how individual actions are influenced by societal structures such as institutions, organizations, and norms. Sociology looks at the relationships between individuals and larger social forces, studying aspects such as social class, race, gender, and culture. Additionally, it delves into how social institutions like family, education, and religion impact behavior and social order, providing insights into the functioning and dynamics of societies. It further explores the implications of social change, identity formation, and societal development over time, considering both macro and micro-level analysis to understand the complexities of human interactions within various contexts.

Emile Durkheim's Functionalism

A sociological perspective that views society as a complex system where various parts work together to promote stability and social order. According to Durkheim, each component of society serves a specific function that contributes to the whole. Functionalism highlights the importance of social norms and values in maintaining social cohesion and emphasizes how institutions and practices evolve to fulfill the needs of society. The perspective also addresses the consequences of social change and disruption, exploring how societies adapt to ensure stability.

Marxism

A sociopolitical and economic theory founded by Karl Marx, which argues that society progresses through class struggle, primarily between the bourgeoisie (capitalist class) and the proletariat (working class). Marxism posits that capitalism leads to alienation and exploitation of workers, ultimately contributing to its own downfall. This theory advocates for a revolution that will establish a classless society where the means of production are communally owned, aiming to eliminate class distinctions and create a more equitable socio-economic structure.

Emile Durkheim's Functionalism

A sociological perspective that views society as a complex system where various parts work together to promote stability and social order, emphasizing that each component of society serves a function that contributes to the whole.

Marxism

A sociopolitical and economic theory founded by Karl Marx, which argues that society progresses through class struggle and that capitalism leads to its own downfall, ultimately advocating for a classless society.

Socialization

The lifelong process through which individuals learn and internalize the norms, values, and behaviors appropriate to their society.

Culture

The shared beliefs, values, customs, and behaviors of a group, shaping how individuals perceive and interact with the world.

Norms

Social rules and guidelines that dictate acceptable behavior within a society or group.

Values

Core principles or standards that guide individual behavior and judgments about what is important in life.

Social Institutions

Structured systems of social order focused on meeting basic societal needs, including family, education, and religion.

Role Conflict

A situation in which an individual faces competing demands from different social roles that they occupy.

Social Stratification

The hierarchical organization of society into groups based on wealth, power, prestige, or other resources.

Deviance

Behavior that violates societal norms and expectations, which may lead to social sanctions or disapproval.

Social Change

The transformation of culture, behavior, social institutions, and social structure over time.

Collective Behavior

Spontaneous and unstructured behavior by a group of people responding to a common stimulus, often in a temporary fashion.