Psychological Disorders and Therapies

Flashcards covering key concepts related to psychological disorders and various therapeutic approaches.

Schizophrenia

A group of severe psychotic disorders characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and inappropriate emotions and actions.

Positive Symptoms

Symptoms of schizophrenia that include the presence of abnormal behaviors, such as delusions and hallucinations.

Negative Symptoms

Symptoms of schizophrenia that involve the absence of normal emotional and behavioral functions, such as toneless voice and expressionless face.

Acute Schizophrenia

A sudden onset of schizophrenia often triggered by trauma, typically more treatable than chronic schizophrenia.

Chronic Schizophrenia

A long-term form of schizophrenia that develops gradually and is typically more difficult to treat.

Eclectic Therapy

Psychotherapy that incorporates techniques from various forms of therapy to meet the needs of the client.

Psychoanalysis

A therapeutic approach aimed at reducing inner conflicts by giving insight into unconscious thoughts and feelings.

Humanistic Therapy

Therapy focused on personal growth and self-fulfillment, emphasizing the exploration of one's feelings and active listening.

Systematic Desensitization

A behavioral therapy technique that associates relaxation with gradually increasing anxiety-provoking stimuli to treat phobias.

Token Economy

A behavioral modification system that uses operant conditioning to reward desired behaviors with tokens that can be exchanged for privileges or treats.

Cognitive Therapy

A therapeutic approach that helps individuals change negative thought patterns to constructive thinking and perceptions.

Group Therapy

A form of therapy that allows individuals to share their experiences and recognize that others have similar problems.

Meta-Analysis

A statistical technique that combines the results of multiple studies to assess the overall effectiveness of psychotherapy.

Light-Exposure Therapy

A treatment for seasonal affective disorder (SAD) that involves exposure to artificial light to counteract winter depression.

Antisocial Personality Disorder

A personality disorder characterized by a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, potentially leading to aggressive and ruthless behavior.

Client-Centered Therapy

A type of humanistic therapy that emphasizes empathy, acceptance, and genuineness from the therapist.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A therapeutic approach that combines cognitive and behavioral techniques to help clients change irrational and negative thinking.

Psychopharmacology

Different drugs to treat different behaviors.

What do thorazine (+) and clozapine (-) treat the symptoms of?

Schizophrenia

Valium and Xanax are treatment for what?

anxiety disorder

Lithium, Prozac and Zoloft are treatment for what?

mood disorder

criticism against anxiety meds

may reduce symptoms without resolving underlying problems

How do SSRI meds like Paxil work?

Blocks the reuptake process

What does electroconulusive therapy treat? Does it always work?

severe depression, not entirely sure how it works and it doesn’t always work.

Psychosurgery

rarely used, only extreme cases.

e.g., lobotomy