Studied by 14 people
wergild
amount paid by a wrongdoer to the family of the person they had hurt or killed
ordeal
based on divine intervention
bishopric
bishop area of authority
pope
bishops of rome were viewed as peter’s successors
monk
man who separates himself from ordinary society to dedicate himself to god
monasticism
practice of living the life of a monk
missionary
people sent out to carry a religious message
nun
women who dedicated themselves to serve god
abbess
head of covents for nuns (belonged to royal houses)
Clovis
strong military, who around 500 became 1st germanic ruler to convert to christianity
gregory 1
strong pope in 6th century
saint benedict
wrote set of rules to guide a community of monks he founded
pepin
took the logical step of assuming kingship for himself and his family
charlemagne
powerful ruler, determined + decisive man
pyrenees
southwest of the powerful new kingdom that clovis established
Carolingian empire
charlemagne created, by expanding the Frankish kingdom
feudalism
political and social order
vassal
a man who served a lord in a military capacity
knight
heavily armored cavalry
fief
the grant of land made to a vassal
feudal contract
a set of unwritten rules that determined the relationship between a lord and his vassal
tournament
contest where knights could demonstrate their fighting skills
chivalry
nobility, an ideal of civilized behavior
magyars
people from western asia
vikings
Scandinavian seafaring pirates and traders who raided and settled in many parts of northwestern europe
eleanor of aquitaine
a strong women who advised and dominated her husband
hungary
where the magyar settled when moving to central europe / non-slavic kingdom converted to christianity
normandy
section of france
common law
law that was common to the whole kingdom
magna carta
document of rights, also known as the great charter
estate
classes
french parliament- had 3, clergy (1st), nobles (2nd), townspeople and peasants (3rd)
william of normandy
had an army of heavily armed knights, defeated king harold, was crowned king of england
henry II
power of the english monarchy was enlarged, expanded the kings power during his reign
thomas a becket
archbishop of canterbury and highest ranking english cleric
philip II augustus
reigned from 1180-1223, fought wars against the english to take control of the french territories of normandy, maine, anjou, and aquitaine
otto I
best known saxon king of germany, patron of german culture and brought the church under his control
alexander nevsky
prince of novgorod, more powerful than others
paris
known as the ile-de france
kiev
rus state created by a viking leader, Oleg
patriarch
the head of the eastern orthodox church
schism
separation between the two great branches of christianity
crusades
european christians carried out a series of military expeditions to regain the holy land from muslims
infidel
unbelievers, muslims
justinian
emperor of the eastern roman empire in 527
saint benedict of clairvaux
monastic leader, enlisted two powerful rulers
saladin
holy city of jerusalem fell to muslim forces under saladin
pope innocent III
initiated the fourth crusade
constantinople
roman empire in the east
syna
province of the eastern roman empire, that was lost to the islamic forces
balkans
where problems arose along the northern frontier where the bulgars took possession of danube valley and created a strong bulgarian kingdom
Note 
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