Grade 10 Biotech Final

Amoeba

Unicellular organism that forms a false foot used for eating and moving; eats via phagocytosis, reproduces asexually by binary fission, and lives in freshwater.

Paramecium

Unicellular, freshwater organism that feeds on algae and microorganisms using cilia; has a thick outer membrane called the pellice; contains macronuclei for respiration, protein synthesis, and digestion, and micronuclei for reproduction; reproduces asexually by binary fission.

Euglena

Unicellular organism that can live in fresh or saltwater environments; has characteristics of plants and animals; can be heterotrophic and autotrophic; reproduces asexually by binary fission, and uses flagella for mobility.

Stentor

One of the largest unicellular organisms; reproduces asexually through binary fission; uses cilia around its horn to move and pull food into its mouth; have two nuclei and contractile vacuoles.

Spirostomum

Long tubular protists that have cilia and live in sediment deposits in aquatic environments; move by contracting; reproduce by asexual binary fission and sexual conjunction; used to test water quality.

Contractile Vacuole

A storage vessel for excess liquid in protists, which helps manage water intake due to osmosis.

Sexual Reproduction

Reproduction requiring two gametes, producing genetically variable offspring and influenced by environmental factors.

Asexual Reproduction

Reproduction that produces clones of a single gamete.

Cilia

A short hair from a cell that aids in movement and identification.

Flagella

A slender structure used for movement or directing food, also used for identification.

Binary Fission

The separation of a parent cell into two daughter cells; always asexual.

Volvox

Freshwater organisms that form spherical colonies, reproduce sexually and asexually, and have flagella for movement, chloroplasts, vacuoles, a nucleus, and an eyespot; they are autotrophs.

Cell Membrane

The phospholipid bilayer separating the inside of the cell from the outside.

Nucleus

Information storage organelle; some protists have a macro and micronucleus.

Cytoplasm

Liquid that fills up a cell, consisting of water, salts, and amino acids.

Pseudopod

Temporary arm of a eukaryotic cell.

Stigma

Also known as the eyespot; aids with photoreception.

Chloroplast

An organelle that conducts photosynthesis.

Pellice

Thick membrane that encloses a cell, different than a cell wall.

How are convex lenses used in microscopes?

Bends light to allow focus in one spot

Raw Data

Unprocessed information collected from experiments or observations before analysis.

What is this type of Microscope

Compound Microscope, used for basic microsopy

What is this type of Microscope

Inverted Microscope, typically used in tissue culture for observing the cells at the bottom of a flask

What is this type of Microscope

Scanning electron microscope, used to scan the surface of samples with electron to produce a highly detailed image of the surface.

What is this type of microscope

Fluorescent Microscope, uses higher intensity light to typically image small organisms or enhance 3-D features.

What type of microscope is this?

Stereo Microscope, used for observing solid specimens from above at low magnification.

What are controlled environments used in cell culture

Controlling conditions for precise growth and study during culture.

What is a Condition Feedback Loops

When data about a system is used to modify or reenforce activity in the system

What is aseptic Technique

Working to keep sterility to prevent contamination during laboratory procedures.

What is a Media Study?

An experiment where a culture is placed in different media or nutrient solutions to determine growth conditions

What is a protist?

Not a plant, animal, or fungi, Protists are their own category, they are all eukaryotes (membrane bound organelles.)

Where are protists typically found

aquatic environments, often found in symbiotic relationships

What is the problem of protists

Protists are a bunch of random assortment of organisms

How are protists classified

How they eat

What is an Animal Like Protist?

Heterotrophs that eat other organisms like bacteria or algae

What are plant like protists?

Autotrophs that make their own energy through photosynthesis

What is a fungi like protists

These protists absorb energy though other organisms

Describe an example of animal like protists

Unicellular organism called Amoeba that forms a false foot that is used to eat and move. Eats through phagocytosis (uses cell membrane to engulf another large cell) reproduces Asexually with binary fission and lives in freshwater.

What is Yeast and how does it work

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae (S. Cerevisiae) is a eukaryotic organisms that is classified as a fungi. It converts carbohydrates to CO2 and alcohols through fermentation

How can Yeast be used as a Technology?

Can be used as biofuel due to high cellulose content, Source of biocatalysts for chemical pharmaceuticals.

What company uses Yeast for research

Novo Nordisk uses yeast to manufacture chemicals and proteins

What is Yeast Media Called

Yeast Peptone Dextrose

How do you grow yeast culture

It can grow in broth or plates, incubation should be at 27-30C cells can be counted using a hemocytometer