Fall Bio Final

nucleus

What is present in only eukaryotic cells?

during the gap 2 stage

What checkpoint has this cell just passed?

metaphase

The cell in figure 9-5 is undergoing mitosis. Which stage of mitosis will follow this one?

Its measures are based on the metric measurement system.

What is the basis of the metric measurement system?

seven electrons

An atom of fluorine has nine electrons. Its second energy level has \________.

12

A cell has 12 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?

H2O

\______ represents a formula for a chemical compound.

splitting water into 2H+ and O2-

When light strikes chlorophyll molecules, they lose electrons, which are ultimately replaced by which of the following?

You record the air temperature every day for a week

Which of the following is an observation?

it would become more rigid.

What would happen to the structure in figure 7-4 if part D is completely removed?

E

Where are you least likely to find water in the structure shown in figure 7-4?

lysosomes

Chloroplasts are organelles that convert light energy to sugars. These organelles are found only in plants. Which organelles are found only in animals?

metaphase

Figure 9-4 illustrates which stage of mitochondria?

Tension between opposite spindle fibers pulls them there.

How is the alignment of chromosomes, shown in figure 9-4, on the equatorial plate of the cell maintained?

The Calvin cycle depends on products of light reactions.

The reactions of the Calvin cycle are not directly dependent on light, but they usually do not occur at night. Which of the following statements explain why not?

Biologists improve the durability of non-stick coatings.

Which is most likely not a beneficial contribution made by biologists?

because DNA synthesis takes place

Why is the synthesis stage called this?

to explain the nature of things

Which best describes the purpose of science?

cyclin-dependent kinases

If you were studying the causes of cancer, which topic might interest you?

You can record an observation; an inference is an idea.

Which best describes the difference between an observation and an inference?

a control

A researcher is interested in the effects of nitrate and phosphate on plant growth and sets up and experiment in which groups of fiver plants are given 1, 2, and 3 grams of nitrate and 1, 2, and 3 grams of phosphate in all combinations over a period of one month. The researcher measures plant height and weight at the end of the experiment. What is missing in this experimental design?

heat is released in the process

During photosynthesis light energy is converted to the energy in chemical bonds. What also happens according to the prediction of the second law of thermodynamics?

bacteria found in hot springs

Which of the following would most likely be the major focus of a biologist?

7-8 days

Students in a biology class ran an experiment on a type of flowering plant. Their goal was to find the optimal time in the plant's life for flowering. What time period will provide the most flowering plants? Use table 1-1 to determine your answer.

They move substances along the surface of the cell.

Cilia and flagella are used to move cells through watery environments. What role do these cell parts play on stationary cells?

One is able to intelligently debate issues such as cloning.

Which of the following best describes a benefit of studying biology?

DNA

An organism's genetic information is stored in which type of macromolecule?

N

Which element is found in proteins but not carbohydrates or lipids?

It will swell.

A plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will happen to the plant cell?

Heat added to initiate a reation.

Which is the best description of activation energy?

After watching a plant for a week, you determine it needs more sunlight.

Which is an inference?

2 covalent bonds

A molecule of water (H2O) has which bonds?

There are 8 offspring.

Which of the following results from quantitative analysis of figure 1-1?

It allows us to be educated in issues important in today’s world.

Which best explains the importance of understanding science?

A

Which of the cells depicted in the line graph in figure 9-2 are most likely cancerous?

They died off because the cancerous cells deprived them of nutrients.

If cancer is present, what is the likely explanation for what happened to the cells depicted in the curves labeled B and D in figure 9-2?

astrology

Which is not something a scientist would study?

ratio of surface area to volume increases.

Which of the following does not occur as a cell grows larger and larger in size?

yeast and some bacteria

In what organisms does alcoholic fermentation take place?

tiny organisms

What did scientists observe using the earliest microscopes?

the distribution of sand on an ocean floor.

Which is not a topic of biology?

The large surface area of leaves allows for maximum light absorption.

Infer why chloroplasts are found mostly in the leaves of plants.

anaphase

The chromosomes shown in figure 9-1 are in which state of mitosis?

outside the chloroplast.

The energy acquired in photosynthesis is used to make glucose. Where is the glucose made in plants?

the digestive system of an eathworm.

Which topic falls under the study of biology?

descriptive

Because it is often difficult to gather numerical data, \______ information is collected.

plant

A scientist at the polar ice cap was studying an ice sample from hundred of meters below the surface. Which examining the ice, the scientist found some cells from many years ago. Using an electron microscope, the scientist identified these cell structures: a cytoskeleton, mitochondrion, nucleus, cell wall, and ribosomes. What kind of organism did the scientist find?

New microscopes provided better viewing of cells.

Both Schwann and Virchow developed important theories about cells in the mid 1800s. Which best explains the reason these theories were made within a few years of each other?

chromosomes relax

Which of the following occurs in telophase?

seawater

Which is the best example of a solution?

The plants may hold medicines to treat human diseases.

What is a possible benefit of studying plants in the rain forest?

metaphase

Which of the phases of mitosis has the shortest duration?

astrology

A person studying a particular field has published her findings. The findings are not testable by others. This person is most likely studying which field?

lining up of chromosomes in the cell

By the end of prophase, each of the following has occurred except \______.

oxygen

A hydrogen bond can form between a hydrogen atom of one molecule and which atom of another molecule?

when they share two electrons

A single covalent bond forms when two atoms do which of these?

protein

Amino acids are the building blocks of which marcomolecule?

Cancers require more than one mutation to occur.

Some cancers have a genetic component to them, if a parent has a cancer the children are more likely than the average population to develop the caner. Why might this be?

the release of energy

What results from the removal of phosphate group from ATP?

Gap 1

The typical growth period of a cell occurs during which stage of the cell cycle?

light color

Tasha is testing the effect of blue-colored light on the growth of tomato plants. Which is the independent variable in this experiment?

carbohydrate

In humans and other multicellular organisms, which substance plays a central role as an energy source?

The DNA repair system dives the mutation that causes cancer.

It is often said that normal cells change into cancerous cells frequently in our bodies. Which of the following explanations accounts for the relative rarity of caner.

the centrioles migrating.

A cell that is undergoing mitosis is examined with a light microscope. an observation that would allow for identification of the cell as an animal cell rather than a plant cell would be

B

Which of the graphs in figure 9-3 shows the correct changes in the amount of DNA in call as it moves through one cell cycle?

carbohydrate chain

Which substance on the plasma membrane helps identify chemical signals from outside the cell?

It is the final electron acceptor for the electron transport chain.

What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

They will shrink.

Algal cells are placed in an isotonic solution. Additional amounts of solutes are slowly added to the solution. What happens to the cells?

observe, question, make a testable explanation, experiment, collect and analyze data, state findings

Which of the following correctly sequences the steps of the scientific method?

Living organisms are composed of cells.

Which statement is a fundamental principle of the cell theory?

hydrogen bonds between water and another substance

Capillary action is the result of adhesion. Which aspect of water is responsible for this?

photosynthesis

Which of the following metabolic pathways is anabolic?

All of these. (Why does the Texas horned lizard squirt blood out of its eyes?)(How is a banded pipefish able to hide in its environment of seaweeds?)(What chemicals cause plant stems to lengthen or flowers to bloom?)

Which of the following are likely topics in a biology course?

The technology increased population growth, creating the need for additional food.

Technology has allowed humans to produce more food and reduce the chance of starvation. Which of the following is the most significant result of this technology?

muscle contraction

In which of the following processes is chemical energy converted to mechanical energy?

when the molecules are mixed and stop moving

At what point in the process of diffusion is dynamic equilibrium reached?

Active transport moves substances against the concentration gradient.

What is a major difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport?

Thylakoid membranes have a large surface area that provides the space needed to hold large numbers of electron-transporting molecules.

Which of the following is an accurate description of how structure enhances function in the thylakoid?

faciliated diffusion

Which of the following is and example of passive transport?

mitochondrion

Which organelle converts sugars into energy?

pass and identical genetic code to their offspring for many gnerations

Living things do all of the following except

is not specialized in structure and function.

A stem cell has potential medical uses because it

When you put your had on a hot stove, and then your response it to take it off.

Which of the examples shows a response to a stimulus?

to facilitate chromosome movement

Why is it important for the chromosomes to condense during mitosis?

Birds and squirrels compete for the same food sources.

Which is the most likely inference Luisa might make after watching the wildlife around her bird feeder?

The cells have no nucleus.

Which statement is true about bacterial cells?

mutation

What is cancer caused by?

a biologist studying insects.

In the peer-review process for a report of the results of a study on the ecology of honeybees, who would be an appropriate reviewer?

smlarge molecules such as hormones

What types of materials are expelled from cells during exocytosis?

spend less time in interphase

Cancer cells can reproduce rapidly because they

communication among birds

Which might you study in biology course?

chlorophyll is the most abundant of all the pigments.

If yellow, red and orange pigments exist in the leaves of trees, why are leaves green except for in the autumn?

It decreases the activation energy necessary to initiate the chemical change.

How does an enzyme influence a biological reaction?

Iron rusting

Which is an example of a chemical reaction?

evaluate the new information

A person studying a topic is presented with new information that conflicts with precious findings. What would a scientist do in this situation?

The nuclear membrane has disappeared.

Which of these has occurred by the end of prophase?

Tube 4: Amylase present, body temperature (37°C)

A student set up four test tubes containing starch solution in which to perform starch digestion. Supplies included amylase(enzyme that digests starch) and an incubator. In which tube listed would starch digestion proceed most quickly?

many nuclei.

A cell that undergoes repeated mitosis without cytokinesis would have

polarity

Which property is responsible for the fact that water and oil do not mix?

interphase

DNA replication occurs during