Impact of Technology on Cognitive Processes ERQ

Cognitive processes

Mental processes such as memory, attention, and decision-making that are involved in acquiring and using knowledge.

Technology's effect on cognitive processes

Technology can support, enhance, or interfere with mental functions depending on how it's used.

Cognitive processes explored in ERQ

Memory (Kaspersky Lab) and attention/working memory (Blacker et al.).

Aim of Kaspersky Lab (2015) study

To explore how reliance on digital devices (e.g., smartphones) affects memory retention and the phenomenon of digital amnesia.

Method of Kaspersky Lab study

Surveyed 6,000 adults across multiple countries about their use of digital devices to store and retrieve everyday information.

Key findings of Kaspersky Lab study

91% used the internet as memory storage; 44% couldn't recall close relatives' phone numbers; many immediately searched online rather than trying to remember.

Conclusion of Kaspersky Lab study

People offload memory to digital devices, leading to digital amnesia—less effort to encode or retain information internally.

Strength and limitation of Kaspersky Lab study

✅ Large sample, high ecological validity; ❌ Self-report data, no experimental control → cannot determine causation.

Aim of Blacker et al. (2014)

To test whether playing action video games improves visual working memory and attentional control.

Method of Blacker et al. study

Two groups played either action or non-action video games for 30 hours; pre- and post-tests on visual working memory and attention were conducted.

Results of Blacker et al. study

The action game group showed significant improvement in visual working memory capacity and attentional control.

Conclusion of Blacker et al. study

Active engagement with video games can enhance attention and memory—showing technology can improve cognition.

Strength and limitation of Blacker et al. study

✅ Controlled experiment with objective testing; ❌ Small, all-male sample; unclear long-term effects.

Difference in studies' view of technology's influence

Kaspersky Lab: Passive reliance on tech can reduce memory retention; Blacker et al.: Active use of tech (video games) can enhance cognitive functions.

Determining technology's cognitive impact

The nature of the interaction—passive reliance may impair memory, active engagement may improve it.

Key takeaways from ERQ

Technology can both enhance and impair cognitive processes; memory may decline with digital over-reliance (Kaspersky); attention and VWM can improve with targeted digital engagement (Blacker).

Importance of understanding technology's cognitive impact

It helps educators, designers, and individuals use technology in ways that support cognitive development rather than hinder it.