Cell Theory 2.1

MRS GREN

Acronym representing key characteristics of living organisms - Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrients

Cell theory

Fundamental principles stating that cells are basic units of life, all cells come from pre-existing cells, and all organisms are composed of one or more cells

Phospholipid

Molecule with a hydrophilic polar head attracting water and a hydrophobic nonpolar tail repelling water

Phospholipid bilayer

Structure consisting of two rows of phospholipids forming a semi-permeable membrane

Fluid mosaic model

Concept describing the fluidity of the cell membrane due to the movement of proteins and lipids, with a mosaic of various molecules within the bilayer

Integral proteins

Permanent proteins embedded in the cell membrane

Peripheral proteins

Temporary proteins attached to the membrane surface

Cholesterol

Molecule found between phospholipids in the membrane, contributing to its fluidity

Glycolipid

Lipid with a carbohydrate chain attached

Glycoprotein

Protein with a carbohydrate chain attached

Receptors

Proteins aiding in cell communication and recognition of substances like hormones and antigens

Channel and carrier proteins

Assist in moving substances across the membrane through active or passive transport

Protein on the underside

Anchored by the cytoskeleton

Cytoskeleton

Network of microfilaments providing structure, aiding in organelle movement, and supporting cell division.