[12] Extraction and uses of metals

Where are most metals extracted from?

Most metals are extracted from ores found in the Earth's crust.

How are unreactive metals found in nature?

Unreactive metals are often found as the uncombined element.

How is the method of metal extraction related to the reactivity series?

Metals lower in the reactivity series can be extracted using carbon, while highly reactive metals require electrolysis.

What extraction method is used for iron, and why?

Iron is extracted using carbon because it is less reactive than carbon, allowing displacement to occur.

What extraction method is used for aluminium, and why?

by electrolysis because it is more reactive than carbon

Why is aluminium useful, and what are some of its applications?

Aluminium is lightweight and resistant to corrosion, making it useful for aircraft, drink cans, and cooking foil.

Why is copper useful, and what are some of its applications?

Copper is a good conductor of electricity and is used in electrical wiring and plumbing.

Why is iron useful, and what are some of its applications?

Iron is strong and used in construction and making tools.

What are the three main types of steel, and how do they differ?

mild steel is Malleable and used in car bodies.
High-carbon steel is Hard and used in cutting tools.
Stainless steel – Resistant to corrosion and used in cutlery.

What is an alloy?

a mixture of a metal with another metal or a non-metal

Why are alloys harder than pure metals?

Different-sized atoms in alloys disrupt the metal’s regular structure, making it harder for layers to slide over each other.