6.2 Potential, Kinetic, Free and Activation Energy

Biology 1230 Chapter 6

Define energy

Is the ability to do work

Kinetic energy refers to…

Objects that are in motion

Potential energy is when…

Objects have stored energy but don’t use it

What is chemical energy?

When energy is stored in chemical bonds it’s potential energy, but when released it’s kinetic energy

What is Gibbs Free Energy

(G) = amount of energy available to do work (usable energy)

What does 𝛥G=𝛥H−T𝛥S mean

• H means energy

• G means free energy

• S means entropy

What is entrophy?

When is delta G negative?

When energy is released in a chemical reaction, Products of the reaction will have less free energy than substrates

What does exergonic mean?

Energy is being released

Why are exergonic reactions spontaneous?

They can occur without the addition of energy

When is Delta G positive?

If a chemical reaction requires an input of energy, the product of the reaction will have more free energy than the substrates

What does endergonic mean?

Are non-spontaneous and will not take place unless free energy is added

What is activation energy?

Energy that’s required for a reaction to proceed.

What is the main source for activation energy?

Heat energy which helps reactants reach their transition state

What energy value remains constant in any energy transformation?

H

The total potential energy of a system is...

Enthalpy

What is work?

A change in the motion or state of matter and requires an input of energy