Biology | 1

Observation

The act of noticing, perceiving, and gathering data without interfering with the subject.

Interference

a logical conclusion or interpretation drawn from empirical data, observations, and prior scientific knowledge

Hypothesis

a tentative, testable explanation for an observed biological phenomenon or a scientific question

Controlled Experiment

a scientific test where researchers keep all variables constant except for one specific factor they want to test

Independent Variables

the factor that a scientist deliberately changes or manipulates in an experiment to test its effect on a living system

Dependent Variables

the factor that you measure and test in an experiment, which changes in response to the independent variable

Data

any qualitative [words] or quantitative [numbers] information collected through observation, measurement, or experimentation on living organisms

Control Group Bias

occurs when a control group is not truly identical or treated the same as the experimental group, which skews the study's results

Biology

the scientific study of life and living organisms

Claim

a concise, one-sentence statement that answers a specific scientific question or proposes a solution to a problem based on initial observations or data

Evidence

empirical data and observable information gathered through the scientific method

Reasoning

the logical process of using observations, evidence, and general rules to study and explain living systems

Peer Review

the evaluation of a research manuscript or study by independent experts in the same scientific field before it is published in an academic journal

Bar Graph

a chart with rectangular bars used to compare separate, non-numerical categories of biological data

Scatter Plot

a type of graph that uses dots to show the relationship between two different biological variables

Pie Chart

A circular graph used to show how a whole group of biological data is divided into proportional parts

Line Graph

a visual tool used to display data that changes continuously over an interval, such as time, temperature, or depth