NLST - Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency

G6PD Deficiency

A hereditary enzyme disorder that makes red blood cells (RBCs) vulnerable to oxidative damage

X-linked recessive

The genetic etiology of G6PD, explaining why it is more common in males

NADPH

Produced via the pentose phosphate pathway, this substance helps maintain glutathione

Glutathione

The substance that protects RBCs from oxidative stress; it decreases when NADPH is low

Hemolysis

The destruction of RBCs that occurs when G6PD-deficient cells are exposed to triggers

Fava beans

The food trigger most well-known for causing hemolysis, leading to a condition called favism

Infections

Identified as the most common trigger for a hemolytic episode in G6PD

Naphthalene

A chemical found in mothballs that acts as a trigger for hemolysis

Darker urine color

A clinical manifestation of a hemolytic crisis, often seen with jaundice (yellow of the white eyes)

Folate (Folic Acid)

A micronutrient often recommended in chronic hemolysis to support RBC production

Antioxidants (Vitamin C & E)

Supplements that may help reduce oxidative stress, though intake should be moderate

Hydration

This is critical during hemolytic episodes to help prevent kidney complications

Bilirubin excretion

In G6PD newborns, early feeding is promoted specifically to encourage this