horse breeds and restraint

American Saddlebred

Short strong back, effortless gait, and a long almost level croup.

Arabian

Slim face, high temperament, and long arched neck.

Lipizzaner

Mostly grey color, commonly used for dressage, and strong and compact with built leg muscles.

Morgan

Mild temperament, affectionate, and well-defined withers.

Quarter Horse

Agile, fast learner, aims to please, strong, and works hard.

American Standardbred

Most known for harness racing, strong, and fast.

Thoroughbred

Most used for jockey horse racing, very fast, athletic, slim but tall, and elegant.

Appaloosa-Leopard

Heavily spotted coat, short mane, and mottled skin.

Appaloosa-Snowflake

Still spotted but more spread out, more "flaked" across the body.

Appaloosa-spotted blanket

Spotted more by the buttocks and croup area, resembles a "blanket" over their hind end.

Appaloosa-marble

More white spots but look like a marble pattern, think of marble counter tops or other marbled patterns, heavy resemblance.

Appaloosa-frost

Heavy on the white spots, whiter on the coat then other color.

Pinto/American Paint horse

Not spotted like the appaloosa, heavy white chunks across the body known as "paint".

Palamino

Lighter coat color, almost white main and tail but darker body, has black skin.

Cremello/Perlino

"Shiny", extremely pale horses, have pink skin, light eyes and got twice the Palamino gene.

Tennessee Walking Horse

Not super tall, long, slender, strong legs, and a short back but powerful hindquarters.

Belgian (Draft Horse)

Palamino coloring, slight feather on the legs, very stocky, used mainly for pulling, especially in the Amish culture.

Clydesdale (Draft Horse)

Dark bay, brown, or black coloring normally, slightly more feathering than the Belgian, also used for pulling just heavier weight.

English Shire (Draft Horse)

A good deal more feathering than the Clydesdale or the Belgian, large bulk horses, very similar to Clydesdales but not quite the same. Look at feathering.

Percheron (Draft Horse)

Has decorated mane when shown in public, thick necks, very muscular, no feathering, more variety of coat colors.

American Shetland Pony

Would do harness racing, not very big at all, stocky, and cute personalities.

Connemara Pony

originated in Ireland, it is tough, docile, compact horse with fine skin and abundant silky hair, a delicate face, sloping shoulders, arched neck, high set tail and strong legs. Can be used for jumping.

Fjord Pony

Small, still somewhat wild, short mane, buckskin coloring, thick necks and stocky.

Przewalski's Horse

One of the last breeds of wild horses out there, similar to Fjord Ponies, short mane, stocky, buckskin coloring, but not such a thick neck.

Haflinger Pony

Small, stocky, strong, Palamino coloring, mild temperament, and thick manes.

Miniature Horse

Very small, sometimes used as house pets, shown in showmanship, various coat colors.

Pony of The Americas

breed of pony originated from a cross between a Shetland pony stallion and an Arab/Appaloosa mare; usually between 11.5 and 14 hands. Mainly a appaloosa color. So, if it's an appaloosa but not a horse size, it's a POA.

Mules/Hinnies

Male Ass x Female Horse = Mule

- take jack ass & working horse

rane --> smaller in size - male horse x female ass = Hinney. Donkey (Dad) x Horse (Mom) = Mule

Horse (Dad) x Donkey (Mom) = Hinny. Various coat colors.

Donkey

donkey crossed with a donkey. Larger ears than mule or hinny, sweet personalities, well paired with horses.

Sorrel coloring

More dark red coat color.

Chesnut coloring

Very similar to sorrel just not as dark and has more of a mix of brown to it.

Black coloring

Black mane, tail, coat, very dark all together. Maybe leg or face marking of white.

Brown coloring

Dark brown, similar to black coloring. The line between black and brown coloring is faded.

Bay coloring

Brown coat color with a black mane, tail, and legs.

Buckskin coloring

Similar to a bay with black mane, tail, and legs however their coat color is much lighter, like a tan color.

Red Roan coloring

Have a red mane and tail and a roan pattern across their coat that is a mix of red and white.

Blue Roan coloring

Roan coat pattern with white and a blue tint color, they also have a dark mane and tail, almost black.

Bay Roan coloring

Black mane, tail, and legs with a roan pattern of white and black/dark brown.

Palamino coloring

Very light mane and tail, black skin, dark tan coat color

Cremello/Perlino coloring

double diluted palominos, very pale coat coloring

Red Dun coloring

red coloring with a dun across the back

Dun coloring

Various coat colors with a dun across the back.

Grullo coloring

Sandy-gray coat color with dark legs, a dark nose, a dark mane and tail, and a dorsal stripe.

Gray coloring

Gray horses are formed through the process of graying, which is the addition of white hairs to their original color. The older a gray horse is, the lighter its coat will be.

White coloring

Truly white horses are quite rare, with most "white" coats actually being a light grey color. True white horses are identified by their pink skin and brown or blue eyes.

Slip release knot

Physical restraint to hold the horses to a certain place. Knot is designed as the horse pulls harder it gets tighter.

Lifting Limb

Physical restraint for When you are trying to accomplish a task involving a limb, sometimes the horse will repeatedly lift that limb and make it difficult to get the job done. In such instances, you may choose to lift the contralateral (opposite/other) limb so that the horse is forced to stay standing on the limb you want to work with.

Shoulder Twitch

This twitch is applied to the skin over the lateral aspect of the neck. The skin is loose and can be picked up with the fingers to pinch firmly. Added effect roll like a motorcycle accelerator. The neck twitch, or shoulder roll, is another common method of twitching that helps to calm and restrain a horse. There is no device to use in this method - rather, two hands are used to grasp the skin at the shoulder.

Lip Twitch

There are multiple different tools one can use for a lip twitch. It works by applying pressure to the horse's upper lip, activating endorphins and creating a temporary distraction from the procedure.

Lip Twitch other tools

Chain Lead

A physical restraint used placed under the upper lip, over the nose, under jaw, and through the mouth.

Ear twist

Physical restraint performed by twisting the ear, used to distract the horse from the task going on.

Hobbles for the front limbs

Keeps the horse from moving away in fright, helps keep them still.

Regular Hobble

Used to keep the horses leg up, helps keep them from moving and if you need to work on that foot, it helps keep it still.

Breeding Hobbles/Sidelines

used to restrict the mare's back legs so she won't kick the stallion; attached to back legs; connected to the front of the horse

War bridle

an emergency bridle made of rope, used to control the horse by pressure points.

Pulley Bridle

It works due to the nerves exposed just behind the ears and is not harmful to the horse. It is very effective, and your horse will respond quickly to it without harm.

Horse Stocks

Confines horse's movements and gives them very little space to react to anything.

Foal Restraint

1. Use mom to catch foal

2. Utilize walls and corners to prevent escape

3. Use as relaxed a method as possible

Anesthesia

Numbing or sedation drug that can be used to chemically restrain and relax a horse. Ketamine is an example of the sedation drug, Lidocaine is an example of the numbing drug.

Tranquilizers

Another form of sedation to chemically restrain the animal. The animal is generally aware of surroundings but too sedated to care, helps reduce anxiety and tension. An example of this drug is Acepromazine.

Sedation

Mostly unaware of their surroundings and offers an increase in pain relief. An example of this can be alpha 2 agonists.

Xylazine

alpha 2 agonist, reduces the release of dopamine and can help with pain relief and muscle relaxation.

Alpha 2 receptors

Transmission of nerve impulses across the synaptic cleft by noradrenaline (NA).

Detomidine

More potent and controls the limbs better.

Romifidine

Head does not lower as much, long acting, and similar to xylazine.

Butorphanol

Narcotic, normally combined with sedatives, and causes head bobbing.

Acepromazine

Decreases spontaneous movement and suppresses sympathetic nervous system.

Ketamine

Very common, always preceded by a sedative and a controlled drug.