Karl Marx and Political/Economic Systems

These flashcards cover key concepts, figures, and events related to Karl Marx's critiques of capitalism and the political and economic systems that evolved from his theories.

Who was Karl Marx?

A German philosopher, economist, sociologist, and political theorist, known as the primary author of 'The Communist Manifesto' and 'Das Kapital'.

What key economic and political system did Marx critique?

Capitalism.

What was Marx's vision for the future state after worker revolution?

A Utopian state where the working class controls the political and economic systems, sharing wealth equally.

What is the main idea behind Marxism?

Marxism criticizes Capitalism, advocates for workers' rights, and promotes economic and political reforms to establish a classless society.

What is Capitalism?

An economic system where private owners control industry and trade with minimal government restrictions, aiming for profit maximization.

What are the two main classes in a capitalist society according to Marx?

Bourgeoisie (business owners) and Proletariat (workers).

What is Socialism?

An economic and political system derived from Marxism, characterized by government ownership of major industries and promotion of social equality.

What is Communism?

A political and economic system where the government controls all industry and establishes a classless society, eliminating private ownership of property.

What was the purpose of the Berlin Conference?

To negotiate the partitioning of Africa among European powers without African participation.

What was the significance of the Suez Canal?

It was constructed to create a shortcut for shipping between Europe and Asia, enhancing global trade.

What does Self-Determination Theory advocate?

The right of a group to choose how to govern themselves, opposing imperialism.

What was Manifest Destiny?

The belief that the US had a divine right to expand westward across North America.

What event marked the end of the Spanish Empire?

The Spanish-American War in 1898.

What led to the Sepoy Rebellion in India?

Concerns over equal pay, westernization, and the use of religiously offensive materials in British military practices.

What is Social Darwinism?

A theory claiming that certain races are superior, justifying imperialism as a 'White Man's Burden' to spread culture.

What was the primary goal of imperialism during 1750-1900?

To extend a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force for economic growth, military supremacy, and national pride.

What happened to the British East India Company after the Sepoy Rebellion?

Its charter was revoked, and the British government took direct control of India.

What is the role of government in a capitalist system?

To ensure fair competition and minimal intervention in the economy.

How does socialism differ from capitalism in terms of property ownership?

Socialism allows individual property ownership but emphasizes government ownership of essential services.

What are the core economic goals of imperialism?

To control new markets and extract raw materials while selling finished goods in colonies.