L1: Classification

E. Goodman

Classification

Definition: To put things into groups of some kind. Usually done based on some type of similarities.
Shows the differences between objects and organisms.

Greek Scientist Aristotle

First classified living things around 330 A.D.

Swedish Scientist Carolus Linnaeus

Developed taxonomy, the hierarchy for living things.

Taxonomy

The science of classifying living things. Includes naming and classifying

Domains

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

• Archaea - prokaryotes, more in common with eukaryotes, extremophiles,

• Eukarya - eukaryotes, mammals, etc.

• Structure differences

Kingdom

The highest level of classification, the most general level of classification and contains the most members..

• Protista, fungia, plantae, animalia

Phylum

Made up of several classes, members share a common design even though their actual body details may differ.

Class

Made up of several orders.

Order

Made up of several families.

Family

Made up of several genera.

Genus

Made up of several species, very similar to each other.

Species

A distinct organism whose characteristics remain constant from year to year

Mnemonic Device

“Kids playing with cars on the freeway get squashed.”

Binomial Nomenclature

Scientific name, “two names,” extremely unique, written in italics.

• First name: Genus

• Second name: specific epithet (refers to one species in the genus)

• Specific and recognizable

Classification (Dichotomous) Key

A device used to identify what group an organism or object is in, use a two choice system where you answer yes or no to each question to arrive at the correct group.

Field Guide

A handbook that has pictures and information about things (birds, rocks, etc.)

Biodiversity

“Different kinds.”