THE SELF FROM VARIOUS PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE (1)

SOCRATES, PLATO, ARISTOTLE

Who are the 3 Ancient Philosophers?

SOCRATES

HIS FAMOUS LINE IS “KNOW THYSELF”

SOUL

SOCRATES: __ is immportal even in death

WORLD AFTER DEATH

SOCRATES: soul is immortal because there is ________________

THE UNEXAMINED LIFE IS NOT WORTH LIVING

SOCRATES’ 2ND FAMOUS QUOTE

DUALISM

SOCRATES’ BELIEF: SELF EXISTS IN TWO PARTS

PHYSICAL REALM

SOCRATES: IT IS CHANGEABLE, TRANSIENT, IMPERMANENT AND IMPERFECT

SOUL REALM

SOCRATES: IT IS UNCHANGING, ETERNAL, PERFECT, PERMANENT AND IMMORTAL

PHYSICAL AND SOUL

SOCRATES’ 2 REALMS IN DUALISM ARE…

SOCRATIC METHOD

CHALLENGING ASSUMPTIONS THROUGH QUESTIONS TO DEVELOP DEEPER MEANING

PLATO

HE IS THE STUDENT OF SOCRATES AND TEACHER OR ARISTOTLE

OMNISCIENT

PLATO: MAN IS ___________

IMMORTAL IN A MORTAL PERISHABLE BODY

PLATO: SELF IS AN…

TRIPARTITE

PLATO: SOUL HAS A ___________ SOUL

RATIONAL

TRIPARTITE: SEEKS TRUTH AND WISDOM; GOVERN THE SOUL

SPIRITED

TRIPARTITE: SOURCE OF COURAGE, WILL, AND EMOTIONS; SUPPORTS REASON

APPETITIVE

TRIPARTITE: DESIRES FOOD, SEX, MONEY, PLEASURE, GREED, IMPULSES

HEAD

TRIPARTITE: RATIONAL SYMBOL

CHEST

TRIPARTITE: SPIRITED SYMBOL

STOMACH/LOWER BODY

TRIPARTITE: APPETITIVE SYMBOL

RATIONAL, SPIRITED, APPETITIVE

TRIPARTITE: PARTS OF THE SOUL

HEAD, CHEST, STOMACH/LOWER BODY

TRIPARTITE: SYMBOLS

HAPPINESS;REASON

PLATO: ______ is only ACHIEVED when ____ IS IN CONTROL

ARISTOTLE

STUDENT OF PLATO

BODY AND SOUL;ONE

ARISTOTLE: ___________________ are NOT TWO separate elements but ____ thing

SOUL;BODY

ARISTOTLE: ____ IS NOT CAPABLE WITHOUT THE ____

SOUL

ARISTOTLE: ____ IS WHAT MAKES A PERSON A PERSON

THE ESSENCE OF THE SELF

ARISTOTLE: SOUL IS…

LIFE

ANYTHING WITH ____ HAS A SOUL

VEGETATIVE

THREE KINDS OF SOUL: THE PHYSICAL BODY; ALLOWS THINGS TO GROW

SENTIENT

THREE KINDS OF SOUL: SENSUAL DESIRES, FEELINGS, AND EMOTIONS

RATIONAL

THREE KINDS OF SOUL: WHAT MAKES US HUMAN; makes man KNOW AND UNDERSTAND

VEGETATIVE, SENTIENT, AND RATIONAL

ARISTOTLE: THREE KINDS OF SOUL

ST. AUGUSTINE OF HIPPO & ST. THOMAS AQUINAS

WHO ARE THE 2 MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHERS?

ST. AUGUSTINE OF HIPPO

BORN AT TAGASTE, NUMIDIA

CONFESSIONS AND THE CITY OF GOD

ST. AUGUSTINE: WRITTEN WORKS

MADE OF BODY AND SOUL

ST. AUGUSTINE: THE SELF IS…

SOUL

ST. AUGUSTINE: It is in POSSESSION of a BODY

PLATO AND CHRISTIANITY

ST. AUGUSTINE INTEGRATED THE IDEAS OF…

HUMAN PERSON

ST. AUGUSTINE: It is created into the IMAGE AND LIKENESS OF GOD

ONESELF

ST. AUGUSTINE: KNOWING GOD, IS KNOWING _______

BODY

ST. AUGUSTINE: It is a MORTAL and is destined to stay and die on EARTH

SOUL

ST. AUGUSTINE: It is to anticipate living eternally in a realm of SPIRITUAL BLISS

ST. THOMAS AQUINAS

He is the FATHER of SCHOOL of THOUGHT

THOMISM

ST. THOMAS: Other name for his SCHOOL OF THOUGHT

MATTER AND FORM

ST. THOMAS: Man is composed of TWO PARTS

MATTER

ST. THOMAS: This is common stuff that makes up everything in the Universe.

HYLE

What is the other name for MATTER?

FORM

ST. THOMAS: Essence of a substance or thing.

RENE DESCARTES, JOHN LOCKE, DAVID HUME, IMMANUEL KANT, GILBERT RYLE, MAURICE MERLEAU, PAUL CHURCHLAND

Who are the 7 Modern and Contemporary Philosophers?

RENE DESCARTES

He is the FATHER OF MODERN PHILOSOPHY.

I think therefore, I am

What is RENE DESCARTES’ famous QUOTE?

COGITO ERGO SUM

What is RENE DESCARTES’ QUOTE in LATIN?

THINKING SELF AND PHYSICAL BODY

DESCARTES: The two concepts of DUALISM.

THINKING SELF

DESCARTES: It is a nonmaterial, IMMORTAL realm, conscious being, and independent of the physical laws of the universe

PHYSICAL BODY

DESCARTES: It is a material, MORTAL, NON-THINKING entity, fully governed by the physical laws of nature

THINKING THING

DESCARTES: We are a…

JOHN LOCKE

He explained that at birth the mind is a BLANK SLATE.

Tabula Rasa

LOCKE: It is an absence of preconceived ideas or predetermined goals

Blank/Clean Slate

LOCKE: English of TABULA RASA

FREEDOM OF INDIVIDUALS TO AUTHOR THEIR OWN SOUL

LOCKE: QUOTE

DAVID HUME

He has said that there is NO SELF

CLEAR AND INTELLIGIBLE

HUME: Man has no _____ idea of the self

IMMANUEL KANT

He has said that WE CONSTRUCT the SELF

INNER AND OUTER SELF

KANT: The Human consists of TWO parts

INNER SELF

KANT: CONSCIOUSNESS: This consists of his/her psychological state and rational intellect

OUTER SELF

KANT: CONSCIOUSNESS: It is the human person’s senses and the physical world

GILBERT RYLE

He was a PROFESSOR of METAPHYSICAL PHILOSOPHY at OXFORD.

THE CONCEPT OF THE MIND 1949

RYLE: His famous work

THE MIND DOES NOT EXIST

RYLE: He argued that…

ACTIONS

RYLE: He believed that the self is fundamentally defined by…

I ACT THEREFORE I AM

RYLE: QUOTE

MAURICE MERLEAU PONTY

He said that the mind and the body are INSEPARABLE

PHENOMENA OF EXPERIENCE

PONTY: All knowledge of the SELF IS BASED ON THE…

PAUL CHURCHLAND

He is a MODERN-DAY PHILOSOPHER who studies the brain.

MATERIALISM

CHURCHLAND: This is the belief that nothing except matter exist.

BRAIN IS GONE, THERE IS NO SELF

CHURCHLAND: QUOTE: All we have is the brain and if the…