Chemistry Test Review Guide

These flashcards cover key vocabulary, definitions, and important concepts from the chemistry test review guide.

Pure Substance

A material that has a constant composition and consistent properties throughout.

Examples of Pure Substances

Water (H2O), Sodium chloride (NaCl).

Atoms of an Element

The smallest unit of an element that retains the properties of that element.

Common Elements in Earth's Crust

a) Oxygen (O), b) Silicon (Si).

Physical Breakdown

A process of separating mixtures without altering their chemical composition.

Determining Atoms in a Compound

By applying the chemical formula, where subscripts indicate the number of each atom.

AgNO3 Components

Silver (Ag), Nitrogen (N), Oxygen (O).

Acid

Substances that turn blue litmus red.

Base

Substances that turn red litmus blue.

pH of Pure Water

The pH value for pure water is 7.

Homogeneous Mixture

A mixture with a uniform composition throughout.

Heterogeneous Mixture

A mixture that consists of visibly different substances.

Solute

The substance that is dissolved in a solution.

Solvent

The substance in which the solute is dissolved.

Colloid

A mixture where tiny particles remain suspended within another substance.

Physical Property

A characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing its composition.

Chemical Property

A property that becomes evident during a chemical reaction.

Exothermic Reaction

A reaction that releases heat energy.

Liquid Elements

Bromine (Br), Mercury (Hg) are liquids at room temperature.

Atomic Number of Lead

The atomic number for Lead (Pb) is 82.

Atomic Mass of Chromium

The atomic mass for Chromium (Cr) is approximately 52.

Protons in Nitrogen

Nitrogen has 7 protons.

Noble Gases

Helium (He) and Neon (Ne) are classified as noble gases.

Group Number of Lithium

Lithium is in group 1 of the periodic table.

Non-Metals on Periodic Table

The non-metals circled include N (Nitrogen), He (Helium), and Ne (Neon).

Gases on Periodic Table

The gases circled include H (Hydrogen), N (Nitrogen), and O (Oxygen).