AP HG Culture Vocab

Opinion Leaders

People who influence others' attitudes or behaviors

Reterrorization

When a culture takes an aspect of another culture and changes it to fit their own

Commodification

Turning something not usually bought or sold into something that can be traded in the market

Cultural Appropriation

Taking elements from another culture, often without permission or understanding

Hierarchical Diffusion

When an idea spreads from people or places of power to other people of places

Assimilation

When a minority group adopts the customs of the dominant culture and loses its original culture

Pop and Folk Culture

Pop culture is widespread and changes quickly; folk culture is practiced by small, traditional groups and changes slowly

Queer Theory

The study of how places and spaces are influenced by sexuality and gender

Mutual Intelligibility

When two people can understand each other even if they speak different dialects or languages

Standard Language

The official and commonly accepted form of a language

Dialects

Variations of a language spoken in different regions

Cognate

Words in different languages that have a common origin and similar meaning

Proto-Indo European Language

The ancient language that is the ancestor of many modern languages and Asia

Language Divergence

When a language splits into two or more new languages

Backward Reconstruction

Figuring out what an old language was like by working backward from current languages

Language Convergence

When languages blend together to form a new language

Conquest Theory

The idea that a language spreads of conquest and power

Romance Language

Languages that came from Latin, like Spanish French, and Italian

Lingua Franca

A common language used by people with different native languages to communicate

Pigdin Language

A simple language that develops so people who don''t share a language can talk to each other

Multilingual States

Countries where more than one language is spoken by the people

Monolingual States

Countries where almost everyone speaks the same language

Toponyms

Place names

Isogloss

A boundary that separate areas with different language features

Universalizing Religions

Religions that try to appeal to and convert people everywhere (like Christianity or Islam)

Ethnic Religion

Religions that are closely tied to a specific group or place (like Judaism or Hinduism)

Secularism

The idea that religion should not play a role in government or public life

Religious Fundamentalism

Strictly following the basic rules and beliefs of a religion

Feng Shui

A Chinese practice of arranging spaces to create harmony with the environment

Indigenous Religions

Local religions practiced by native people in a particular area

Intrafaith/Interfaith

Intrafaith is conflict or cooperation within one religion; interfaith is between different religions

Confucianism

A Chinese belief system focused on family,respect and moral values

Dowry Deaths

When a bride is killed or harmed over disputes about her dowry (money or gifts given to the groom's family)

Neolocalism

Reviving local culture and identity in response to global influences

Placelessness

When places lose their unique features and look the same everywhere

Global-Local Continuum

The idea that what happens globally can affect local places, and local actions can influence the world.