chabner ch 10 nervous system short

dur/o

dura mater

encephal/o

brain

gli/o

glial cells

lept/o

thin, slender

mening/o, meningi/o

membranes, meninges

my/o

muscle

myel/o

spinal cord, bone marrow

neur/o

nerve

pont/o

pons

thalam/o

thalamus

alges/o, -algesia

sensitivity to pain

-algia

pain

esthesi/o, -esthesia

feeling, nervous sensation

kines/o, kinesi/o, -kinesia, -kinesis, -kinetic

movement

-lepsy

seizure

lex/o

word, phrase

-paresis

weakness

-phasia

speech

-plegia

paralysis

-praxia

action

-sthenia

strength

syncop/o

to cut off, cut short

How many lobes does the cerebrum have and what are they?

4. occipital, temporal, frontal, parietal

What cognitive functions is the cerebrum associated with? (5)

Thought, judgement, memory, association, discrimination

What is the cerebral cortex?

Outer layer of the cerebrum, gray matter that covers the white matter

What are 3 things that the parietal lobe of the cerebrum does?

-touch perception

-manipulation of objects

-integration of senses

What does the occipital lobe of the cerebrum do? (1)

-visual reception

What are 3 things that the temporal lobe of the cerebrum does?

-hearing

-memory acquisition/long term memory

-understanding language (left hemisphere, wernicke's area)

What is hydrocephalus?

a condition in which fluid accumulates in the brain, typically in young children, enlarging the head and sometimes causing brain damage.

What 2 things does the thalamus do?

-integrates and monitors sensory sensations from skin

-pain perception

What 4 things does the hypothalamus do?

-body temp

-sleep

-appetite

-sexual desire

What are the meninges?

Three layers of connective tissue membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord

What does a dendrite do?

receives stimulus via electrical charge

What do axons do?

usually coated with myelin, transmits impulse

Neurotransmitters

Trigger electrical impulses to jump from pre to post-synaptic terminal

synapse

where nerve impulses are received from one neuron to another

cell body

contains the cell nucleus

What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?

peripheral nerves, plexuses (large networks of nerves), cranial nerves

What is the autonomic nervous system responsible for?

responsible for control of the bodily functions not consciously directed, such as breathing, the heartbeat, and digestive processes

What does the parasympathetic system do?

relaxation, slow HR and BP, constrict pupils

What does the sympathetic nervous system do?

fight or flight, increase HR and BP, secrete adrenaline

What does the central nervous system consist of?

-brain

-spinal cord

What is the function of the peripheral nerves?

Connect the CNS to sensory organs, organs of the body, muscles, blood vessels and glands