ORG.&MGMT. CH1

Time management

key to success in mgmt. & in career

Manager

Someone who coordinates & oversees the work of other people so organizational goals can be accomplished

First-line Managers

Manages the work of non managerial employees

supervisors, shift-managers, district managers, department managers, office managers

titles of first-line managers are often:

Middle Managers

Manages the work of first-line managers

regional manager, project leader, store manager, division manager

titles of middle managers are often:

Top Managers

responsible for making the organization-wide decisions/manages the middle managemers

executive vice president, president, managing director, chief operating officer, chief executive officer

titles of top managers are often:

Organization

A deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish a specific purpose

Management

coordinating & overseeing the work activities of others so their activities are completed efficiently & effectively

Efficiency

getting the most output from the least amount of inputs(resources)/doing things right

Effectiveness

doing work activities that will result in achieving goals/doing the right things

Efficiency

Means

Effectiveness

Endsl

Low resource waste (high efficiency), & High goal attainment (high effectiveness)

Management strives for:

Planning, Organizing, Leading, & Controlling

State the four functions of mgmt.

Planning

setting goals, establishing strategic, & developing plans to coordinate activities

Organizing

determining what needs to be done, how it will be done, and who will do it

Leading

motivating, leading, & any other actions included in dealing with people

Controlling

monitoring activities, to ensure that they are accomplished as planned

Managerial Roles

specific actions or behaviours expected of & exhibited by a manager

Interpersonal Roles, Informational Roles, & Decisional Roles

State the three types of managerial roles

Interpersonal Roles

involve people in & out of the organization & other ceremonial & symbolic duties

Informational Roles

involve collecting, receiving, & disseminating information

Decisional Roles

entail making decisions/choices

figurehead, leader, & liaison

Interpersonal roles are…

monitor, disseminator, & spokesperson

Informational roles are…

entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, & negotiator

Decisional roles are…

Technical Skills, Interpersonal Skills, & Conceptual Skills

State the three types of management skills

Conceptual skills

as a manager goes up the ranks, which managerial skill increases?

Technical Skills

as a manager goes up the ranks, which managerial skill decreases?

Human/

as a manager goes up the ranks, which managerial skill stays constant?

Distinct PURPOSE, Deliberate STRUCTURE, PEOPLE (PSP)

What are the characteristics of organization?

Distinct PURPOSE

which characteristic of organization asks “why”?

Deliberate STRUCTURE

which characteristic of organization asks “how”?

PEOPLE

which characteristic of organization asks “who”?

Adaptability

ability to change something/oneself to fit occurring changes/flexibility

fast moving consumer goods

FMCG

3000 BC - 1776

when was early management

Adam Smith in 1776

who and when division of labor

Adam Smith

who established division of labour in 1776

Division of labor

what was established in 1776 by Adam Smith

Division of labor

breakdown of jobs into narrow & repetitive tasks

Industrial Revolution

started in late 18th century when machine power was subbed for human power in early 1900s developing such theories were withdrawn

Classical Approach

emphasizes rationality & making orgs & workers as efficient as possible

1911-1947

when was the classical approach

Scientific mgmt. & General Administrative Theory

what are the two major theories that make up the classical approach

Scientific Mgmt.

defines '“one best way" for a job to be done

Frederick Winslow Taylor in 1911

who is the father of scientific mgmt. and when was it fully established?

Therbligs

a classification scheme by Frank & Lillian Gilbreth to label 17 basic hand motions

General Administrative Theory

focuses on describing what managers do & what constitutes good mgmt. practice

Henri Fayol & Max Weber

who are the founders of general administrative theory

division of work, authority, discipline, remuneration, centralization, order, initiative

State at least seven of fayol’s principles of mgmt.

Bureaucracy

a form of organization characterized by division of labor, a clearly defined hierarchy, detailed rules & regulations, & impersonal relationships

by Max Weber in the 1900s

who founded and when was bureaucracy founded

division of work, career orientation, impersonality, formal rules & regulations, authority hiearchy, and formal selection

What are the six things a bureaucracy should have?

Organizational Behavior (OB)

study of the actions of people at work

late 1700s - 1950s

when was behavioral approach

Robert Owen, Hugo Munsterberg, Mary Parker Follet, Chester Barnard

Who are the early advocates of OB

Hawthorne Studies

provided new insights into individual & group behaviors

1924/1920s & 1930s

when was Hawthorne studies

Quantitative Approach

the use of quantitative techniques to improve decision making

Total Quality Mgmt. (TQM)

a philosophy of mgmt. that is driven by continuous improvement & responsiveness to customer needs & expectations

1940s - 1950s

when was quantitative approach

1960s - present

when was contemporary approach

stystems & contingency

what are the 2 contemporary mgmt. perspectives

Systems

a set of interrelated & independent parts arranged in a manner that produces a unified whole

closed systems & open systems

what are the two basic types of systems

closed systems

not influenced by & do not interact with their environment

open systems

influenced by & do interact with their environment

contingency approach

a mgmt. approach that recognizes organizations as different, which means they face different situations & require different ways of managing

organization size, routineness of task technology, environmental uncertainty, & individual differences

what are popular contingency variables

decision

a choice among two or more alternatives

Identify a Problem

what is the 1st step in the decision making process?

Decision Criteria

defines what’s important or relevant to resolving a problem

Identify Decision Criteria

what is the 2nd step in the decision making process?

Allocate weights to the criteria

what is the 3rd step in the decision making process?

Develop Alternatives

what is the 4th step in the decision making process?

Select an Alternative

what is the 6th step in the decision making process?

Implement the alternative

what is the 7th step in the decision making process?

Evaluate Decision Effectiveness

what is the 8th step in the decision making process?

rational decision making

describes choices that are logical & consistent & maximize value

POLC

assumptions of rationality