chapter 20 - manicuring

milady cosmetology chapter 20

acetone

colorless, flammable liquid; removes oils and prepares nails for polish

autoclave

uses high temp steam and pressure to kill microorganisms and their spores

color blocking

nail art technique; blocks or sections off color on nail

coarse-grit abrasives

quickly reduce thickness of any surface and produce deeper and more visible scratches on surface

color fading

nail art technique; aka ombre or color graduation, one color fades into another

dimethyl urea hardeners

hardener adds cross-links to natural nail plate, formaldehyde- and DMU free, does not cause adverse effects

essential oils

oils extracted from various forms of distillation; materials include seeds, bark, roots, leaves, wood, and/or plant resins producing different aromas

fine-grit abrasives

abrasives 240 grit and higher; designed for buffing, polishing, and removing very fine scratches

french manicure

nail bed is one color (pink, beige, or peach— depending on client’s skin tone) free edge is separate color (white)

implements

tools to perform nail services; can be multi-use or single-use

manicure

cosmetic treatment for hands; involves cutting, shaping, polishing of nails (optional), removal of cuticles, and softening of skin

marbleizing

swirled nail art effect; involves 2 or more colors; stylus swirls wet polish to form design

massage

manual or mechanical manipulation of the body by rubbing, kneading, tapping, and other movements to increase metabolism and circulation, promote absorption, and relieve pain

medium-grit abrasives

boards and buffers 150-180 grit; used to smooth and refine surfaces; also used to shorten natural nails

metal pusher

multiuse metal implement; used to gently scrape cuticle tissue from natural nail plate

microtrauma

tiny often microscopic, openings in skins tissue; may allow microbes to enter skin and lead to infection

multiuse implements

also knows as reusable implements; should be cleaned and disinfected between clients

nail clippers

shorten nail’s free edge

nail creams

barrier product; seal skin’s surface; hold subdermal moisture in skin

nail oils

absorb into nail plate; increase flexibility; soften surrounding skin

nail nipper

stainless steel implement used to carefully trim dead skin around nails

OSHA (occupational safety and health administration)

provides guidelines for protecting cosmetologists from chemicals that can affect health

oval nail

conservative nail shape; thought to be attractive on most hands; similar to squoval nail shape w even more rounded corners

paraffin

petroleum by-product; excellent sealing properties (barrier qualities); excellent moisture in epidermal layers

petrissage

aka kneading; lifting, squeezing, and pressing the tissue

pointed nail

nail shape suited to thin hands with long fingers and narrow nail beds; emphasizes and enhances the slender appearance of hand

protein hardener

combo of clear polish and protein; collagen is an example

round nail

slightly tapered nail shape; usually extends just a bit past the fingertip

scope of practice (SOP)

list of services that you are legally allowed to perform in your specialty and state

service sets

sets of all tools that will be used in a service

single-use implements

aka disposable implements; cannot be reused; must be thrown away after one use

smile line

curved line where pink and white meet each other on a french manicure

square nail

nail shape completely straight across the free edge; no rounding at outside edges

squoval nail

nail shape w a square free edge; rounded off at corner edges

stylus

tool w/ solid handle and rounded ball tip on each end; can range in size, used to create nail art

tapotement

rapid tapping or striking motion of hands against skin

vibration

continuous trembling or shaking movement applied by hand w/o leaving contact w skin

wooden stick to remove cuticle tissue from nail plate by gently pushing, clean under free edge of nail, or apply products