D3 — Antecedent Interventions and D4 — Differential Reinforcement

Antecedent Intervention

A strategy that changes what happens before behavior to prevent it.

Motivating Operation (MO)

A condition that changes the value of a reinforcer.

Establishing Operation (EO)

Increases the value of a reinforcer and makes behavior more likely.

Abolishing Operation (AO)

Decreases the value of a reinforcer and makes behavior less likely.

Discriminative Stimulus (SD)

A cue signaling reinforcement is available for a behavior.

NCR (Non‑Contingent Reinforcement)

Providing reinforcement on a time schedule regardless of behavior.

High‑Probability Sequence

Giving easy tasks before a hard one to build momentum.

Demand Fading

Gradually increasing demands to reduce escape behavior.

Differential Reinforcement

Reinforcing desired behavior while withholding reinforcement for problem behavior.

DRO

Reinforce any behavior other than the problem behavior.

DRA

Reinforce a specific acceptable alternative behavior.

DRI

Reinforce a behavior that cannot occur at the same time as the problem behavior.

DRL

Reinforce when behavior occurs at or below a specified low rate.

FCT (Functional Communication Training)

Teach a communication response that serves the same function as the problem behavior.