MCB 734 - T cell activation JG

Perforin

a protein, released by killer cells of the immune system, that destroys targeted cells by cutting proteins like paceman until it triggers apoptosis in the cells.

Chaperone molecule for MHC I

Beta 2 microglobulin

MHC I Tetramer

the four arms allow for more sustained interaction because the interaction with the T cell is low affinity

LCMV

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus

Two flavors of LCMV

Armstrong and Clone 13

Armstrong and Clone 13 differ by

2 amino acids

how many cells in a b6 mouse spleen?

8e7 roughly

3 possible fates of T cells

1. effector 2. memory 3. exhaustion

Contraction phase

90-95% cells

Bcl-2

pro-survival protein

Memory cells are

Bcl-2 high

One of the antagonists for Bcl-2

BIM

If we get rid of BIM

contraction phase is delayed

BIM + Fas

how acute responses takes place

Congenital carriers

have high levels of virus that persist forever

If re-challenged contraction phase has

only 50% die

Naive cell cytokines

do not make a lot

Memory cell cytokines

InFgamma, Tnfalpha, IL-2, and can kill

Naive cells are

spleen, lympth nodes, blood

Splenocytes from day 35 mice

cleared congenital carriers of virus

Progressive differentiation

effector cells becoming more memory like until they are memory cells

effector vs central memory T cells

effector memory in tissues while central are in spleen and lymph nodes

Tissue memory cells

subset often found in mucosal tissue

adoptive transfer

Transfer of immunity by transplantation of immunocompetent cells (splenocytes)

key difference between mice and humans

in mice naive T cells are kept cold in human they progress through multiple infections

latent infection

is not neutral like textbook says, has slightly higher levels of IL-1 IL-6 (different inflammatory state)

viral infections can be

lytic or latent

Giving mouse mock infection then another mouse and infect

high quality memory

Giving mouse Armstrong then another mouse and infect

rapid clearance (we would expect)

Giving mouse vv then another mouse and infect

high quality memory (no cross reactivity, but transient high levels of inflammation with acute infection)

Giving Epstein Barr virus for mice then another mouse and infect

sub-optimal (because it is latent and background inflammation level is high)