Introduction to X-ray History/Principles

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20 Terms

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Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

Who discovered x-rays in 1895?

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Vitascope

Thomas Alva Edison invented the fluoroscope _____, which allows us to see x-rays move

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Pedoscope

A _____ is a shoe-fitting fluoroscope

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William Coolidge

_____ invented the Coolidge tube in 1913

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Hot

Today's x-ray tubes are _____

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Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

_____ allows us to see function and began in the 1950s

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Matter

_____:

- Takes up space

- Has mass

- Different forms (solid, liquid, gas, plasma)

- Cannot be created or destroyed

- Smallest unique quality is the atom

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Atoms

_____ are comprised of protons (+), electrons (-) and neutrons

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Number of protons

Atoms are grouped into elements based on the _____

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Neutral

Atoms are normally electrically _____

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Bohr model

The _____ is based off a miniature solar system. Electrons reside in established orbits (energy levels) and revolve around a nucleus (protons and neutrons)

<p>The _____ is based off a miniature solar system. Electrons reside in established orbits (energy levels) and revolve around a nucleus (protons and neutrons)</p>
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Nucleus

The _____ consists of protons and neutrons and has a mass about 2000x greater than an electron

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Electron cloud

An _____ revolves around the nucleus in precise, fixed orbits

<p>An _____ revolves around the nucleus in precise, fixed orbits</p>
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Electron orbits

_____ are also referred to as "energy levels" or "shells"

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2n^2

The maximum number of electrons per shell can be calculated using the equation _____, where n equals the shell number

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Electron binding energies

_____ refers to the strength of attachment of an electron to the nucleus

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Energy

The movement of electrons from a higher shell (L, M, etc.) to a lower one (K) is typically accompanied by the emission of _____

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Ionization

_____ occurs when the transfer of energy to an orbital electron results in ejection of the electron from the atom

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True

T/F Work cannot be created or destroyed

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Quantum

What is the smallest quantity of work?