Age of Jackson Flashcards

What was the Monroe Doctrine?

A US foreign policy in 1823 regarding Latin American countries that stated that further efforts by European nations to colonize land in North or South America would be viewed as acts of aggression

Who were the 4 men that ran for president in 1824?

• John Quincey Adams

• Henry Clay

• Andrew Jackson

• William Crawford

Who won the popular vote in 1824?

Andrew Jackson

Who won the majority of the electoral votes in 1824?

No one

Who was elected president in 1824?

John Quincey Adams with the help of Henry Clay

Who was named the Secretary of State in 1824?

Henry Clay

Who won the election of 1828?

Andrew Jackson

Who started the Democratic Party?

Andrew Jackson

What is the Spoils System?

Where someone replaces former government employees with their supporters

What were the countries that all claimed parts of Oregon in the past?

• America

• Britain

• Russia

• Spain

What did Britain and America do with the land of Oregon in 1818?

Agreed to occupy the land jointly

Who were guides for settlers on the Oregon Trail?

Mountain men

What were the parties that mountain men had called?

Rendezvouses

How long was the Oregon Trail And how many months did settlers have to get there before winter set in?

2000 miles, 5 months

What were the hardships on the Oregon Trail?

• heat

• Snow

• Illnesses

• Cholera

• Native attacks

How many people reached Oregon between 1840-1860?

50,000

Who set up the colony of Texas after his father, Moses Austin, died?

Stephen Austin

How much land did Mexico grant Austin and his settlers if they agreed to become Mexican citizens?

640 acres

How many people were in the colony of Texas by 1840?

20,000

What were the two main ways people made money in Texas?

Growing cotton and raising longhorn cattle

What law did Mexico pass in 1830?

Forbade more Americans to move to Texas, and made Texans follow Mexican laws they had been ignoring for years

Who was the leader of the Texans after they declared independence?

Sam Houston

How many Texans fought off the Mexican Army at which fort?

188 Texans at the Alamo

What battle did the Texans win independence at?

The Battle of San Jacinto

What was the independent Texas called? Who was its president?

The Lone Star Republic; San Houston

Who were the first permanent European settlers in California?

Missionaries

Who won the 1844 election?

James Polk

What are the modern day states that Oregon territory was split into?

• Oregon

• Idaho

• Washington

What were the three states that the US wanted to annex, upsetting Mexico?

• California

• New Mexico

• Texas

Who did Polk send to Texas in case of war?

Zachary Taylor

When did the US declare war on Mexico?

April 1846

Which battle was General Santa Anna defeated at?

Battle of Buena Vista

Which general took over the city of Vera Cruz?

General Winfield Scott

What army that took control of Southern California was headed by?

Stephen Kearny

When did California declare independence from Mexican rule?

June 15, 1845

What was the new nation of California called, and who led it?

Bear Flag Republic; John C. Fremont

What did the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo do?

It was a peace treaty between Mexico and America, ending the Mexican-American war

What was the effect of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

1. Mexico gave all of Texas, California, and New Mexico territories to US

2. US paid 15 million dollars for territories

What was the Gadsen Purchase?

In 1853, the US bought a thin strip of land in Arizona and NM for 10 million dollars

Who discovered gold at his saw mill in 1848?

John Sutter

How many people had gone to California for the Gold Rush by 1849?

80,000

What year was California admitted to the union?

1850