Zoo Lab 253 Digestive System

Mechanical breakdown of foods, chemical breakdown of foods, and the absorption and processing of the components

The digestive system can be divided functionally into portions that are involved in what three divisions?

Mouth

What is the beginning of the digestive system?

Mouth (mechanical-chewing, chemical-saliva)

What is involved with the initial mechanical and chemical breakdown of food?

Pharynx and esophagus

What is the second part of the digestive system?

Pharynx and esophagus

What moves the food into the stomach where additional mechanical and chemical breakdown occurs?

Pyloric valve

What valve passes the food into the small intestine?

Small intestine

After coming from the acidic environment of the stomach, where does the food go?

Alkaline (basic)

After coming from the acidic environment of the stomach, what environment does the food go into with the small intestine?

Pancreatic fluids and bile

How is the environment changed from an acidic environment to an alkaline environment in the small intestine?

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

What three parts is the small intestine broken down into which absorb various nutritional elements from the food?

Ileocecal valve

What structure begins the large intestines?

Cecum

The vermiform appendix is attached to what?

Ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments

What four parts is the large intestines divided into?

Rectum

The large intestines terminates with what structure that then exits the body at the anus?

Dehydrate digested materials, recover water, minerals, and vitamins formed by the microbial flora, compaction of material for elimination

What are the functions of the large intestines?

Liver, pancreas, gallbladder, and salivary glands

What are the accessory organs and structures involved with the digestive system?

Left

What side of the body is the stomach on?

Cavity- tooth is drilled where the infection is to stop it from spreading, Root canal- infection has spread to the roots so must drill to roots

What happens during a cavity and a root canal?

Living

What kind of tissue is a tooth made of?

Periodontal ligament

What structure anchors the tooth to the bone?

Small, nutrient absorption and chemical breakdown of food

Is the small intestine large or small in diameter and what is it specialized for?

Colon

What is another term for large intestines?

Area above tube insertion

What is a fundus?

Gastric rugae

What secretes acid and pepsin?

Emulsifies lipids (spreads them out) so they can be digested

What does bile do with lipids?

Gallbladder

What stores bile?

Jejunum

What is the longest part of the small intestines where most absorption happens?