AP Psych Unit One

Psychoanalyze (frq)

Unconscious mind/childhood experiences -\> thoughts/actions

Behaviorism (frq)

Environmental influences -\> habits/actions

Humanism (frq)

Whole person freedom to make own decisions rather than divine or supernatural matters

Cognitive (frq)

How we process/store info -\> influence our actions

Biological (frq)

Physical/genetic influences and body processes -\> thoughts/behaviors

Sociocultural (frq)

Thoughts/behaviors vary between communities and groups of people

Evolutionary (frq)

Natural selection and physiological passing of traits to kin -\> thoughts/behaviors

Biopsychosocial (frq)

Genetic, mind, and culture -\> thinking/behavior

The \____ perspective focuses on \____

Sentence \#1

(context in question) because \___

Sentence \#2

Psychology

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Positive Psychology

Study of human functioning, discovering/promoting strengths and virtues that help people to thrive

Levels of analysis

The different complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon

Hindsight bias

Believe that you would have known the outcome after you see it (I knew it all along)

Scientific attitudes (3)

Curious, skeptical, humble

Critical thinking

Thinking that DOESNT blindly accept arguments and conclusions, instead evaluates evidence, looks at sources, and assesses conclusions

Theory

Explanation that integrates principles, organizes, and predicts behaviors and events

Operational definition

Statement of procedures the researcher is going to use in order to measure a specific variable

Basic research

Increasing scientific knowledge base

Applied research

Research to find solutions to specific problems

Case study

Observation technique, one or few individuals studied in depth

Naturalistic observation

Careful observations of people in their natural environment. No intervention

Survey method

Self report data, individuals own report, has wording effect

Wording effects

Effects on participants caused by the order of presented words/choice of words

Scatterplot

Shows relationship between two numerical variables

Experimental method

Only way to establish a cause and effect relationship between two variables it to conduct a scientific experiment

IV

Treatment

DV

Outcome

Representative sample

Group closely matches whole population

Reliability

Consistency

Validity

Accuracy

IACUC

Institutional animal care and use committee

Debriefing

Telling finished participants fuller explanation of what they participated in

Statistics

Large amount of data can be collected in research studied to be analyzed by psychologists

Descriptive statistics

Analysis of data. Helps describe, show, or summarize data in a meaningful way to show patterns

68-95-99.7 rule

1 standard deviation is 68% , 2 is 95%, and 3 is 99.7% (going left and right on a normal distribution)

Histogram

Visualize quantitative data

Statistical significance

Difference between groups is real and not from once chance alone

Null hypothesis

No statistical significance between variables

Clinical psychology

Treat people with psychological problems and crises

Counseling psychology

Same as clinical but focus on adjustment problems

Developmental psychology

How we develop in our life

Educational psychology

Theories about teaching and learning, helps teachers and students

Social psychology

How we are affected by other people

Forensic psychology

Related to law and courts

School psychology

Enhancing development of children and adults in educational setting

Sports psychology

Help athletes using psychological principals

Physiological psychology

Brain mostly

Experimental psychology

Basic areas of psychology, may test on animals instead of humans

Industrial/Organizational psychology

Relationships between people and work environments

Engineering psychology

Human/machine interface

Health psychology

Good health and prevention of illness