Westward Expansion

spoils system

rewarding supporters with government jobs

manifest destiny

god-given right to expand west

sectionalism

loyalty to region over nation as a whole

popular sovereignty

people within the territory decide on allowance of slavery

what doubled the size of the US?

Louisiana Purchase

what impact did the cotton gin have on slavery/the South?

faster method for separating cotton seeds

what was the Trail of Tears and which president facilitated it?

— forced removal of Native Americans from their homelands to Oklahoma

— Andrew Jackson

Missouri Compromise

— 1820

— made the southern border of Missouri the line for free or slave states (36’30N)

Compromise of 1850

California joined as a free state and sent one pro-slavery Senator to Congress

Fugitive Slave Act

stated that it was the federal government’s responsibility to find and return runaway slaves

Kansas-Nebraska Act

— 1854

— allowed the use of popular sovereignty

— repealed the Missouri Compromise

“Bleeding Kansas”

tensions between Northerners and Southerners in Kansas over the issue of slavery

Harriet Tubman was the ____________ of the Underground Railroad

conductor

what was the Underground Railroad?

secret network of people who helped slaves escape to the North and Canada

Frederick Douglass was Lincoln’s ___________ and started the anti-slavery newspaper the ________________________.

— advisor

— North Star

William Lloyd Garrison was a _______________________ and started the anti-slavery newspaper the _______________.

— white abolitionist

— Liberator

Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote _________________________ showing the North the _________________________.

— Uncle Tom’s Cabin

— inhumanity of slavery

What was the outcome of the Dred Scott v. Sanford case?

Supreme Court said that slaves were property not citizens

what happened as a result of Nat Turner’s Rebellion?

widespread fear leading to stricter slave codes

what was John Brown’s intention with the Raid at Harper’s Ferry?

more anti-slavery rebellions woulc occur throughout the South

what was the most immediate result of Abraham Lincoln winning the 1860 election?

states began to secede

results of the War of 1812

— US gained the Oregon Territory

— Star-Spangled Banner became the national anthem

— Federalist Party ended, leaving behind one political party

what was the South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification?

South Carolina will not pay the taxes

goals of the Lewis & Clark Expedition

— discover a northwest passage to the Pacific Ocean

— document plants and animals in the region

— survey the newly acquired territory

what was the constitutional issue being debated with nullification, tariffs, and slavery in the new territories?

balance of power between federal and state governments