(1) RHIST - History and Primary & Secondary Sources

historia

"history" came from the latin and greek word ______.

inquiry

History is the act of _________.

inquiry

This refers to the knowledge acquired by investigation.

FALSE

History is NOT a blueprint for the future, but it is a means of understanding the past and present.

TRUE or FALSE

History is a blueprint for the future and is also a means of understanding the past and present.

History

It is a bridge to other disciplines; and provides us with a sense of identity.

Written and non-written sources

Give the two (2) forms of sources

Non-written sources

Oral history and artifacts are examples of what form of sources?

published materials and manuscripts

Give the two written sources

artifacts

heirlooms and keepsakes are examples of what non-written source?

No, it is a non-written source

Is balagtasan a written source?

oral history

Folklores and balagtasan are examples of what non-written source?

Primary and secondary sources

Give the two (2) categories of sources

primary sources

In this category of sources, materials produced by people or groups directly involved in the event or topic being studied.

Primary Sources

These people in this category of sources are either participants/eyewitnesses to the event.

false, primary sources

TRUE or FALSE

Artifacts and Human Fossil

These are examples of secondary sources

primary sources

In what category of sources do cartoons for political expression or propaganda belong?

primary

Primary or Secondary Sources

Statistical tables, graphs, and charts

primary

Primary or Secondary Sources

Old maps that may reveal how space and geography were used to emphasize trade routes, structural buildings, etc.

Secondary sources

This category of sources refers to a testimony of anyone who is not an eyewitness (not present at the event of which he tells).

secondary

Primary or Secondary Sources

textbooks, encyclopedias, magazines, documentaries

Historical Criticism

For a source to be used as evidence in history, basic matters about its form and content must be settled.

External and internal criticisms

What are the two kinds of historical criticisms?

external

Internal or External Criticism

The problem of authenticity

external

Internal or External Criticism

To spot fabricated, forged, and faked documents

external

Internal or External Criticism

To distinguish a hoax or misrepresentation

Semantics

This term refers to the act of determining the meaning of a text/word.

Hermeneutics

This term refers to the act of determining ambiguities.

Verisimilar

This terms refers to something being as close as what really happened from a critical examination of best available source.

Internal

Internal or External Criticism

The problem of credibility

Internal

Internal or External

Relevant particulars in the document

Corroboration

This is the process of confirming or supporting information by finding additional evidence that validates a claim or assertion.

Anachronistic

This terms refers to the presence of something in a historical document or artifact that belongs to a different time period than the one being portrayed, suggesting the source is a fake or a misrepresentation.

Test of authenticity

Test of Authenticity or Credibility

- Determine the date of the document to see whether they are anachronistic

- Provenance or custody

Test of authenticity

Test of Authenticity or Credibility

Semantics and hermeneutics

Test of credibility

Test of Authenticity or Credibility

Determination of the approximate date

Corroboration i.e., historical facts

Test of credibility

Test of Authenticity or Credibility

Willingness to tell the truth

Willingness to tell the truth

Corroboration

This refers to particulars which rest upon the independent testimony of two or more reliable witnesses

Sensitivity to Multiple Causation

Sensitivity to Context

Awareness of the interplay of continuity and change in human affairs

What are the Three (3) Major Components to Effective Historical Thinking?

National Identity

History as a tool in understanding _______ ________.

True

TRUE or FALSE

History points out the need for nationalism in nationbuilding.

March 22, 1897

Date of the occurence of the Tejeros Convention

Tejeros estate house, Cavite

Where did the Tejeros Convention take place?

Unite Magdiwang and Magdalo factions of the Katipunan Main

What was the purpose of the Tejeros Convention?

Andres Bonifacio (Supremo),

Emilio Aguinaldo (Magdalo),

Santiago Alvarez (Magdiwang)

Who were the three participants of the Tejeros Convention?

Mariano Alvarez

Who was leading the Magdiwang faction?

Baldomero Aguinaldo

Who was leading the Magdalo Faction?

Jacinto Lumbreras

The Tejeros Convention was intially presided by who?

strengthen defenses against Spain

The convention aimed to _____ ______ _____ _______ but quickly shifted to the formation of a new revolutionary government to replace the Katipunan.

due to a simultaneous battle

Why was Emilio Aguinaldo not present in the Convention?

Emilio Aguinaldo

Who was elected as the new president?

Director of the Interior

Andres Bonifacio was elected in what position?

Daniel Tirona

This person openly objected to Bonifacio's election, claiming the post needed a lawyer-publicly humiliating him.

null and void

Bonifacio, deeply insulted and angered, declared the proceedings ____ and _____, effectively walking out with his loyal followers.

Tanza

A separate oath-taking of Aguinaldo & allies took place in ______, excluding Bonifacio, further fueling division.

Emilio Aguinaldo

Who commanded Bonifacio's arrest, trial, and execution?

Memoirs of a General

What is the title of the primary source for the Tejeros Convention?

The Revolt of the Masses

What is the title of the secondary source for the Tejeros Convention?

Santiago V. Alvarez

Who is the author of the Memoirs of a General (primary source) who was also an eyewitness and a partisan of the Magdiwang?

Teodoro Agoncillo

Who is the author of The Revolt of the Masses (secondary source)?

pro-bonifacio

Agoncillo's work contains a pro-______ tone.

Memoirs of a General (Santiago Alvarez)

Between the two sources of the Tejeros Convention, which work is defensive of the Magdiwang?

Agoncillo

Alvarez or Agoncillo

Portrayal of Bonifcio is the tragic hero betrayed

Alvarez

Alvarez or Agoncillo

View on election has hinted manipulation

Agoncillo

Alvarez or Agoncillo

View on election has explicit accusation of fraud

Alvarez

Alvarez or Agoncillo

The role of Aguinaldo is passive and was elected in absentia

Agoncillo

Alvarez or Agoncillo

Aftermath focuses on Bonifacio's heartbreak and response.

Alvarez

Alvarez or Agoncillo

Aftermath focuses on uninvited Tanza oath-taking

Teodoro Agoncillo

This author frames Bonifacio as a victim of betrayal and elitism.

Santiago Alvarez

This author highlights Magdiwang's legitimacy and internal loyalty.

True

TRUE or FALSE

Primary & secondary sources often reveal biases, even when recounting the same event.

contested

Understanding both sources helps us see history as a ______ memory.