Listening

alternative to sth /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv tuː/ (collocation)

Exp: Online courses are a good alternative to traditional classes.

something that can replace another thing

thay thế cho cái gì

shift (night shift / day shift) /ʃɪft/ (n)

Exp: He works the night shift at a hospital.

a period of time spent working

ca làm việc

keen on /kiːn ɒn/ (phrase)

Exp: He is keen on learning new languages.

very interested in something

thích, hứng thú với

mad about /mæd əˈbaʊt/ (phrase)

Exp: She is mad about football.

very interested in or enthusiastic about

rất thích

keep costs down (=reduce costs) (collocation)

/kiːp kɒsts daʊn/

Exp: They use simple materials to keep costs down.

to reduce expenses

giữ chi phí thấp

find out about (=learn about/discover) (phr.V)

/faɪnd aʊt əˈbaʊt/

Exp: You can find out about the course online.

to discover information about something

tìm hiểu về

keep in touch with (=contact) (collocation)

/ɪn tʌtʃ wɪð/

Exp: I still keep in touch with my old friends.

in communication with someone

giữ liên lạc với

come out (=be released) (phr.V)

/kʌm aʊt/

Exp: The new album will come out next month.

to be released / become available

được phát hành / ra mắt

music venue /ˈmjuːzɪk ˈvenjuː/ (N.phr)

Exp: This is a popular music venue in the city.

a place where music is performed

địa điểm biểu diễn âm nhạc

one-off payment /ˌwʌn ɒf ˈpeɪmənt/ (collocation)

Exp: There is a one-off payment for registration.

a payment made only once

khoản thanh toán một lần

rehearse for sth /rɪˈhɜːs fə/ (phr.V)

Exp: The band is rehearsing for a concert.

to practise for a performance

luyện tập cho (buổi biểu diễn)

carry out (phr.V)

Exp: The government should carry out effective policies to reduce pollution.

to perform or conduct something (especially tasks, research, plans)

thực hiện

look out onto (phrase)

Exp: The apartment looks out onto a beautiful park.

to have a view of something (from a window/building)

nhìn ra

natural daylight (phr.N)

Exp: Classrooms should be designed to allow more natural daylight.

light from the sun during the day

ánh sáng tự nhiên

reception /rɪˈsepʃn/ (n)

Exp: The new policy received a positive reception from the public.

(1) the way something is received or reacted to

(2) the front desk area in a building (hotel, office)

(1) sự tiếp nhận / phản hồi

(2) quầy lễ tân

make change (v phrase)

Example: The cashier made change for the customer.

EN: to give back money after payment

VI: trả lại tiền thừa

get damaged (phr.V)

Example: The goods may get damaged during transport.

EN: to be harmed or broken

VI: bị hư hại

fragile (adj) /ˈfrædʒaɪl/

Example: Glass is fragile and can break easily.

EN: easily broken or damaged

VI: dễ vỡ

make a difference (phr.V)

Example: This policy can make a difference.

EN: to have an effect or impact

VI: tạo ra sự khác biệt

touch up (the colour) (v) /tʌtʃ ʌp/

Example: The photo was touched up to improve the colour.

EN: to improve or slightly change something

VI: chỉnh sửa (màu sắc)

send the parcel off (collocation)

Example: He sent the parcel off this morning.

EN: to send a package away

VI: gửi kiện hàng đi

receive the payment (collocation)

Example: The company received the payment on time.

EN: to get money for goods or services

VI: nhận thanh toán

post off (phr.V) /pəʊst ɒf/

Example: She posted off the letter yesterday.

EN: to send something by post

VI: gửi qua bưu điện

pack up (phr.V) /pæk ʌp/

Example: They packed up the items carefully before shipping.

EN: to put things into a container for transport

VI: đóng gói

in focus (phrase) /ɪn ˈfəʊkəs/

Example: The main issue should be kept in focus.

EN: receiving attention or being clear

VI: được chú ý / rõ ràng

grant for (phr.V) /grɑːnt fɔː/

Example: The university received a grant for research.

EN: money given for a specific purpose

VI: khoản tài trợ cho

nucleus (n) /ˈnjuːkliəs/

Example: The nucleus of the problem lies in poor planning.

EN: the central or most important part of something

VI: trung tâm / hạt nhân

come about (phr.V) /kʌm əˈbaʊt/

Example: The change came about after years of research.

EN: to happen or occur

VI: xảy ra / diễn ra

put on (phr.V) /pʊt ɒn/

Example:

• She put on a jacket before going out.

• The company put on an event.

EN: to wear something

VI: mặc vào

EN: to organize something

VI: tổ chức

make suggestion (collocation) /meɪk səˈdʒestʃən/

Example: The teacher made a suggestion to improve the essay.

EN: to give an idea or advice

VI: đưa ra đề xuất / gợi ý

at least (phrase)

Example: You should exercise at least three times a week.

EN: not less than

VI: ít nhất

attend class (collocation)

Example: Students must attend classes regularly.

EN: to go to a class

VI: tham gia lớp học

take a class (collocation)

Example: She takes a yoga class every week.

EN: to attend a lesson

VI: tham gia lớp học

make sth a habit (collocation)

Example: You should make exercise a habit.

EN: to turn something into a regular routine

VI: biến thành thói quen

sense of isolation (collocation)

Example: Social media can reduce the sense of isolation.

EN: feeling of being alone

VI: cảm giác cô lập

have motivation (collocation)

Example: Students need to have motivation to succeed.

EN: to possess the desire to do something

VI: có động lực

sense of well-being (collocation)

Example: Exercise improves a sense of well-being.

EN: a feeling of being healthy and happy

VI: cảm giác khỏe mạnh, hạnh phúc

retain information (collocation)

Example: Students can retain information better with practice.

EN: to keep information in memory

VI: ghi nhớ thông tin

improve balance (collocation)

Example: Yoga can improve balance.

EN: to become more stable physically

VI: cải thiện sự thăng bằng

plenty of (phrase)

Example: There are plenty of benefits to exercising.

EN: a large amount of

VI: nhiều

do intense workout (collocation)

Example: He does intense workouts every day.

EN: to do very hard physical exercise

VI: tập luyện cường độ cao

standard of (phrase)

Example: This improves the standard of living.

EN: level or quality of something

VI: mức độ / tiêu chuẩn

take exercise (collocation)

Example: People should take regular exercise.

EN: to do physical activity

VI: tập thể dục

prescribe (v) /prɪˈskraɪb/

Example: Doctors often prescribe exercise to improve health.

EN: to officially recommend something

VI: kê đơn / đề xuất

mental health (n) /ˈmentl helθ/

Example: Exercise is important for mental health.

EN: psychological well-being

VI: sức khỏe tinh thần

a sociable activity (collocation)

Example: Group sports are a sociable activity.

EN: an activity involving interaction with others

VI: hoạt động mang tính giao tiếp

feeling of anxiety (collocation)

Example: Many students experience a feeling of anxiety before exams.

EN: a state of worry or nervousness

VI: cảm giác lo âu

release (v) /rɪˈliːs/

Example: Exercise helps release stress after a long day.

EN: to let something go or express it

VI: giải tỏa

stand out (v) /stænd aʊt/

Example: His work stands out among others.

EN: to be easily noticed or more impressive than others

VI: nổi bật

stick to sb word (phrase)

Example: He always sticks to his word.

EN: to do what you promised

VI: giữ lời

assessment (n) /əˈsesmənt/

Example: The assessment of students is based on performance.

EN: the process of judging or evaluating something

VI: sự đánh giá

be bound to (v phrase) /biː baʊnd tuː/

Example: This method is bound to succeed.

EN: to be certain or very likely to happen

VI: chắc chắn sẽ

theory (n) /ˈθɪəri/

Example: This theory explains human behaviour.

EN: a system of ideas to explain something

VI: lý thuyết

settle into (v) /ˈsetl ˈɪntuː/

Example: She quickly settled into her new routine.

EN: to become comfortable in a new situation

VI: thích nghi với

bear in mind /beə(r) ɪn maɪnd/ (collocation)

Example: Bear in mind that the exam time is limited.

EN: to remember or consider something important

VI: ghi nhớ, lưu ý

kiln /kɪln/ (n)

Example: The pottery was baked in a kiln.

EN: a special oven used for heating materials at high temperatures

VI: lò nung (gốm, gạch…)

apron /ˈeɪprən/ (n)

Example: She wore an apron while cooking.

EN: a piece of clothing worn over the front of the body to protect clothes

VI: tạp dề

vegetarian /ˌvedʒəˈteəriən/ (n)

Example: He is a vegetarian and doesn’t eat meat.

EN: a person who does not eat meat

VI: người ăn chay

excellent /ˈeksələnt/ (adj)

Example: She did an excellent job.

EN: extremely good

VI: xuất sắc

ingredient /ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/ (n)

Example: Fresh vegetables are the main ingredients in this dish.

EN: one of the foods used to make a dish

VI: nguyên liệu

portion /ˈpɔːʃən/ (n)

Example: The portions in this restaurant are quite large

EN: an amount of food for one person

VI: khẩu phần

on average /ɒn ˈævərɪdʒ/

Example: On average, people spend two hours a day online.

EN: typically; as a general level

VI: trung bình

juggle (v) /ˈdʒʌɡl/

Example: Many parents struggle to juggle work and family life.

EN: to manage several responsibilities at the same time

VI: xoay xở nhiều việc cùng lúc

recruit (v) /rɪˈkruːt/

Example: The company plans to recruit more workers.

EN: to hire new people for a job

VI: tuyển dụng

guarantee (v/n) /ˌɡærənˈtiː/

Example: Hard work does not guarantee success.

EN: to promise that something will happen

VI: đảm bảo

overseas (adv/adj) /ˌəʊvəˈsiːz/

Example: Many students study overseas.

EN: in or to another country

VI: ở nước ngoài

a lively city (phr.N)

Example: Hanoi is a lively city with many activities.

EN: a city full of energy and activity

VI: thành phố sôi động

remote area (phr.N) /rɪˈməʊt ˈeəriə/

Example: Healthcare is limited in remote areas.

EN: a place far away from towns or cities

VI: vùng xa xôi, hẻo lánh

turn out (phr.V) /tɜːn aʊt/

Example: The event turned out better than expected.

EN: to happen in a particular way

VI: hóa ra

agronomist (n) /əˈɡrɒnəmɪst/

Example: The agronomist studied soil quality.

EN: an expert in agriculture and soil science

VI: nhà nông học

work sb way up (phr.V)

Example: She worked her way up the career ladder.

EN: to gradually achieve a higher position

VI: thăng tiến dần

career ladder (phr.N) /kəˈrɪə ˈlædə(r)/

Example: He wants to climb the career ladder quickly.

EN: levels of progress in a job

VI: nấc thang sự nghiệp

maternity cover contract (phr.N) /məˈtɜːnəti ˈkʌvə(r)/

Example: She got a maternity cover contract at the company.

EN: a temporary job replacing someone on maternity leave

VI: hợp đồng thay thế thai sản

prepare to (phr.V) /prɪˈpeə tuː/

Example: Students should prepare to face challenges.

EN: to get ready for something

VI: chuẩn bị để

cottage (n) /ˈkɒtɪdʒ/

Example: They stayed in a small cottage near the lake.

EN: a small house in the countryside

VI: nhà nhỏ ở quê

cottage (n) /ˈkɒtɪdʒ/

Example: They stayed in a small cottage near the lake.

EN: a small house in the countryside

VI: nhà nhỏ ở vùng quê / nhà tranh quê

keep track of (v phrase)

Example: Apps help users keep track of their daily activities.

EN: to monitor or record something regularly

VI: theo dõi

ground up (adv/adj phrase)

Example: The system was built from the ground up.

EN: from the beginning

VI: từ đầu

calorie count (n phrase) /ˈkæləri kaʊnt/

Example: Many people check the calorie count before eating.

EN: the number of calories in food

VI: lượng calo

motion sensor (n phrase) /ˈməʊʃən ˌsensə(r)/

Example: The lights are controlled by motion sensors.

EN: a device that detects movement

VI: cảm biến chuyển động

objectively (adv) /əbˈdʒektɪvli/

Example: The results should be evaluated objectively.

EN: in an unbiased and factual way

VI: một cách khách quan

amount of (phrase)

Example: A large amount of money was invested.

EN: a quantity of something

VI: số lượng

escalator (n) /ˈeskəleɪtə(r)/

Example: People often choose escalators instead of stairs.

EN: moving stairs that carry people between floors

VI: thang cuốn

the width of (n phrase)

Example: The width of the river is over 200 meters.

EN: the measurement from side to side

VI: chiều rộng của

unconscious process (n phrase) /ʌnˈkɒnʃəs ˈprəʊses/

Example: Breathing is usually an unconscious process.

EN: a process happening without awareness

VI: quá trình vô thức

modification (n) /ˌmɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

Example: Minor modifications were made to the design.

EN: a change made to improve something

VI: sự sửa đổi / điều chỉnh

add up (v phrase)

Example: The costs quickly added up over time.

EN: to increase gradually until becoming large

VI: cộng dồn / tăng dần

manufacturer (n) /ˌmænjuˈfæktʃərə(r)/

Example: The manufacturer released a new product line.

EN: a company that produces goods

VI: nhà sản xuất

deliberately (adv) /dɪˈlɪbərətli/

Example: He deliberately ignored the warning.

EN: intentionally; on purpose

VI: cố ý

recommend (v) /ˌrekəˈmend/

Example: Doctors recommend regular exercise.

EN: to suggest something as good or suitable

VI: khuyến nghị / đề xuất

overestimate (v) /ˌəʊvərˈestɪmeɪt/

Example: People often overestimate their abilities.

EN: to think something is greater than it really is

VI: đánh giá quá cao

mobility (n) /məʊˈbɪləti/

Example: Exercise helps improve mobility in older adults.

EN: the ability to move easily

VI: khả năng di chuyển

leave out (v phrase)

Example: You should not leave out important details.

EN: to omit or exclude something

VI: bỏ sót / loại bỏ

subject (n) /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/

Example: The subjects were asked to complete a survey.

EN: a person taking part in a study or experiment

VI: đối tượng tham gia nghiên cứu / chủ thể

take the opportunity to do sth (v phrase)

Example: She took the opportunity to improve her skills.

EN: to make use of a chance to do something

VI: tận dụng cơ hội để làm gì

unearth (v) /ʌnˈɜːθt/

Example: Ancient artefacts were unearthed by archaeologists.

EN: discovered by digging or searching

VI: khai quật / phát hiện

visual identity (phr.N)

Example: The company changed its visual identity last year.

EN: the visual appearance representing a brand or idea

VI: nhận diện hình ảnh

whereas (conj) /weərˈæz/

Example: City life is fast-paced, whereas rural life is quieter.

EN: while; in contrast

VI: trong khi / trái lại

made of (phr.V)

Example: The table is made of wood.

EN: constructed from a material

VI: được làm từ

carved out of (phr.V)

Example: The statue was carved out of wood.

EN: made by cutting from a material

VI: được chạm khắc từ