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Population Explosions
rapid increases in population size due to high birth rates and declining death rates, often leading to resource strain.
Youthful Population
A demographic trend where a large proportion of the population is comprised of children and young adults, often resulting in high dependency ratios and potential economic challenges.
Ageing Population
A demographic trend characterized by an increasing median age in the population, often due to declining birth rates and higher life expectancy.
Alpha city
A major city that serves as a leading hub for finance, culture, and politics, often influential on a global scale.
G20
An international forum of 19 countries and the European Union that discusses and promotes global economic stability and growth.
OPEC
An organization of oil-exporting countries that coordinates petroleum policies and prices among member nations.
OECD
An organization that promotes policies to improve the economic and social well-being of people around the world.
Brain Drain
The emigration of highly skilled or educated individuals from one country to another, often resulting in a loss of talent and innovation in the home country.
Diaspora
The dispersion of a group of people from their original homeland, often resulting in communities that maintain cultural ties while living in various locations.
Distance Decay Function
The interaction between two places decreases as the distance between them increases, often impacting social, economic, and cultural exchanges.
Remittances
One member of a family immigrates to a host country and once they obtain a job they send a portion of their salary back to their family in the country of origin. These contribute to the economy of the country.
Transhumance
The seasonal movement of people and their livestock between fixed summer and winter pastures, typically practiced in mountainous regions.
ESPN
Economic, Social, Political, eNvironmental: the four main impacts on an event
Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration
Most migrants travel short distances and migration is often stepwise.
Intervening Obstacle
Barriers that hinder/prevent migration: Environmental-mountains, rivers
Political-laws, regulations
Social-hatred for immigrants
Restraining Factors
Fear and uncertainty
Organizational culture
Inadequate training
Illicit Financial Flows (IFFs)
All cross boarder financial transactions which cross the national/international law
Tax Haven
A country/place that has little to no taxes for out of country people/companies
Pro-natalist
Encourages having babies
Anti-natalist
Doesn’t encourage babies
Ethnicity
Group a person belongs to/identifies with/identified with
Stage 1-High stationary
pop. low birth/death rates stay high
Stage 2-Early Expanding
Birth rates high, death rates low due to basic health care, pop. increases
Stage 3-Late expanding
Birth rates fall due to better education
Stage 4-Low stationary
Birth/death rates low, pop. stays consistent
Stage 5-Natural decrease
Birth rates decline below death rates, pop. declines
