Principle and Philosophy of Counseling

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the history, development, and philosophy of counseling in both the United States and Malaysia, addressing various aspects such as legislation, professional organizations, and counseling approaches.

Counseling

A professional guidance service aimed at helping individuals address personal challenges.

Vocational Guidance

A type of counseling focused on assisting individuals in making career choices.

Counsellors Act 580

A legal framework established in Malaysia that regulates the counseling profession.

American Counseling Association (ACA)

A professional association that represents counselors in the United States.

Carl Rogers

A psychologist known for developing the client-centered approach to therapy.

National Vocational Guidance Association (NVGA)

The predecessor of the American Counseling Association, founded in 1913.

Smith-Hughes Act of 1917

Legislation that provided federal funding for vocational education in U.S. schools.

Army Alpha and Beta Tests

Psychological assessments used during World War I for military personnel placement.

E.G. Williamson

An influential figure in the development of counseling theories in the 1930s.

The Minnesota Point of View

A trait-factor approach to counseling that emphasizes matching traits with job requirements.

Humanistic Counseling

An approach to therapy that emphasizes individual potential and self-actualization.

Community Mental Health Centers Act

Legislation that supported the establishment of community mental health centers in 1963.

Career Counseling

A service that assists individuals with career planning and professional development.

Wilhelm Wundt

Considered the father of experimental psychology and an influence on counseling.

Pre-service Training

Education and training provided to new teachers before they start their roles.

In-Service Course

Training provided to teachers while they are actively working in their roles.

Multicultural Counseling Competencies

Standards developed to ensure counselors can effectively work with diverse populations.

Counselor Educators and Supervisors (ACES)

An association focused on promoting excellence in counselor education and supervision.

Crisis Counseling

Support provided to individuals experiencing a personal crisis or trauma.

Supervised Counseling Experience

Practical training under supervision during counselor education programs.

Cyber Counseling

Providing counseling services through digital platforms and technology.

Psychiatric Counseling

Therapy focused on mental health, often involving diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders.

Guidance Teachers

Educators specifically appointed to provide counseling and guidance in schools.

Malaysian Counseling Association (PERKAMA)

A professional body for counselors in Malaysia established to promote the counseling profession.

School Counselor

A professional who provides support and guidance to students within the school system.

Behavioral Counseling

An approach that focuses on changing specific behaviors through techniques like reinforcement.

Accreditation of Counseling Programs

The process of validating the quality and standards of counselor education programs.

Mental Health Policy

A framework set by the government to promote mental health services and reduce stigma.

Counseling Ethics

Guidelines that govern the professional conduct of counselors to ensure clients' welfare.

Vocational Education Division

A segment within the U.S. Office of Education focused on vocational training.

Therapeutic Alliance

The relationship between a counselor and client that facilitates positive therapeutic outcomes.

Counselor Training Institutes

Educational organizations that provide specialized training for future counselors.

Community Action

Efforts directed towards improving community welfare and addressing systemic issues.