Information Systems and Technology: Key Concepts for Business and Development

What are authentication technologies used for?

To confirm the identity of a user requesting access to information or assets.

What does conversion to an e-commerce or m-commerce system enable organizations to do?

Improve their level of customer service.

How can a business best increase traffic to its e-commerce site?

Acquire links to its site on popular, related websites.

What is a trusted third-party organization that issues digital certificates called?

Certificate authority.

What has contributed to the rapid growth of mobile websites worldwide?

The availability of lower cost and more powerful smartphones, and rapid advances in wireless broadband technologies.

What type of business model involves contracting work out to an aerospace manufacturer like Pratt & Whitney?

G2B (Government to Business).

What type of business model is represented by a person buying a used tent on eBay?

B2C (Business to Consumer).

What type of business model is represented by a consumer purchasing a frisbee golf disc on Amazon?

B2B (Business to Consumer).

What must Susan do before using her new boat in Oklahoma?

Register it with the state.

What type of business model involves an engineer working for an engineering firm that develops energy plants?

B2B (Business to Business).

What includes planning, executing, and controlling activities involved in sourcing and delivering products?

Supply chain management (SCM).

What process begins with cash flow forecasting in manufacturing ERP systems?

Developing a production plan.

What is the failure rate for ERP implementations worldwide?

21 percent.

What type of production in Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) involves distinct items that can be decomposed?

Discrete manufacturing.

What component at the core of the ERP system allows access to current and consistent data?

ERP database.

What system uses software to assist in the design of a component or product?

Computer-aided design (CAD).

What type of system should a sales team use to capture customer engagement?

Customer Relationship Management (CRM).

What type of transaction processing method should a carwash business owner use for payroll?

Batch processing.

What type of software package should a senior executive use to see vital business operations?

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP).

What type of transaction processing should an airline ticket manager use to track seat availability?

Online transaction processing.

What effect does technology often have on low-paying jobs according to Emily?

It replaces them but creates more high-paying jobs.

What organizational practice allows the growth of AI to create new jobs?

Upskilling the workforce.

What does reinforcement learning emulate?

The trial-and-error method and relies on feedback.

What technology translates information into activity by interacting with a human's neural structure?

The brain computer interface.

What is SCARA?

A type of industrial robot.

What system allows a nursing student to view a 3-D image of the human heart?

Vision System.

What type of robot does a pharmacist use for bottling pills?

SCARA Robot.

What type of robot does a mechanical engineer use that has rotary joints?

Articulated robot.

What type of processing does Cherish work with to train AI to mimic her speech?

Natural Language Processing.

What is schedule management?

A set of activities that includes defining a completion date and developing a project schedule.

What model describes how teams develop?

Forming-storming-norming-performing-adjourning.

When can Task C begin if Task A ends on May 8 and Task B ends on May 13?

May 14.

What defines which tasks are included in a project?

The project's scope.

What project variable measures how well a project meets user needs?

Quality.

What is Robert's attitude towards technology if he gets frustrated easily?

Low attitude.

What is Jake's attitude towards technology if he cancels social media to focus on work?

Low perceived ease of use.

What type of adopter is Maddie who loves new technology?

Early Adopter.

What type of adopter is Dave who is skeptical of new technology?

Laggard.

What is Beverly's attitude towards technology if she benefits from diagnostic tools?

Strong perceived usefulness.

What is NOT an advantage of purchasing off-the-shelf software?

Requires skilled in-house resources and software developers.

What is an advantage of building or developing software?

Can be tailored to match the organization's exact needs.

What is the leader of a Scrum in the Agile Approach called?

Scrum Master.

What determines if the expected benefits of a project outweigh the costs?

Economic feasibility.

What approach to software development is based on team collaboration without upfront requirements?

Agile.

What creates a complete set of technical specifications for an information system?

Design.

What involves gathering data on existing systems and determining requirements for a new system?

Investigation.

What prepares users for the new system and employs it?

Implementation.

What converts system design into an operational system?

Construction.

What involves multiple rounds of system testing to identify errors?

Integration & testing.