From the Constitution to the Courtroom

Bill of Rights

The first 10 amendments to the U.S Constitution

Role of the Legislative branch

To make laws. Includes the U.S Congress (Senate and House Representatives)

Role of the Executive Branch

To enforce laws. President, governors, and administrative agencies

Role of the Judicial branch

Interpret Laws and ensure they are applied fairly.

Checks and Balances

A system where each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse

Jurisdiction

The authority of a court to hear and decide a case

Precedent

A legal decision that serves as an example or rule for future similar cases

Difference between civil and criminal court

civil deals with disputes between individuals; criminal court deals with violations against the state or society

Due process

The legal requirement that the government must respect all legal rights owed to a person

Subponea

an order that requires a person to appear in court

Deposition

A sworn out of court testimony used to gather information during discovery

Discovery

The pre-trial opportunity for each parties to gather information from the opposing party

Affidavit

written statement made under oath

Verdict

Final decision made by a jury or judge in a trial

Appeal

request a higher court to review and possibly change the outcome of a case