M6: Microbiology, Parasitology, and Public Health - Bacteriology - Part 5 - Gram Negative Bacilli

Enterobacteriaceae are all facultative anaerobes and oxidase negative. Majority of them are motile except:

a. Shigella

b. Klebsiella

c. Yersinia

d. a and b

e. All

e. All

H2S producing enterobacteriaceae include the following except:

a. Salmonella

b. Proteus

c. Citrobacter freundii

d. Edwardsiella

e. None

e. None

Rapid lactose fermenters:

I. Klebsiella

II. Escherichia

III. Enterobacter

IV. Citrobacter

V. Serratia

VI. Salmonella arizonae

VII. Shigella sonnei

VIII. Yersinia enterocolitica

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII

b. I, II, III

c. III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII

d. I, II, III, IV

e. IV, V, VI, VII, VIII

b. I, II, III

Klebsiella

Escherichia

Enterobacter

Late lactose fermenters:

I. Klebsiella

II. Escherichia

III. Enterobacter

IV. Citrobacter

V. Serratia

VI. Salmonella arizonae

VII. Shigella sonnei

VIII. Yersinia enterocolitica

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII

b. I, II, III

c. III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII

d. I, II, III, IV

e. IV, V, VI, VII, VIII

e. IV, V, VI, VII, VIII

Citrobacter

Serratia

Salmonella arizonae

Shigella sonnei

Yersinia enterocolitica

Non lactose fermenters:

I. Salmonella

II. Shigella

III. Yersinia

IV. Proteus

V. Providencia

VI. Morganella

VII. Edwardsiella

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII

b. I, II, III, IV, V

c. I, II, III

d. IV, V, VI, VII

e. I, II, VI, VII

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII

Only lactose fermenting salmonella.

a. Salmonella typhi

b. Salmonella arizonae

c. Salmonella enterica

d. Salmonella bongori

b. Salmonella arizonae

Only lactose fermenting shigella.

a. Shigella dysenteriae

b. Shigella flexneri

c. Shigella sonnei

d. Shigella boydii

c. Shigella sonnei

Only lactose fermenting Yersinia.

a. Yersinia pestis

b. Yersinia enterolitica

c. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

b. Yersinia enterolitica

Most abundant anaerobe of the colon:

a. Escherichia coli

b. Bacteroides

c. Fusobacterium

d. b and c

e. All

d. b and c

Bacteroides

Fusobacterium

Most abundant aerobic flora of the colon which produce green metallic color on EMB.

a. Escherichia coli

b. Klebsiella pneumoniae

c. Salmonella typhi

d. Shigella dysenteriae

e. Yersinia pestis

a. Escherichia coli

Most common cause of UTI which is also common indicator of fecal contamination of water.

a. Escherichia coli

b. Klebsiella pneumoniae

c. Salmonella typhi

d. Shigella dysenteriae

e. Yersinia pestis

a. Escherichia coli

Treatment for E. coli infection

a. Nitrofurantoin

b. Fosfomycin

c. Fluoroquinolone

d. a and b

e. All

e. All

Traveler's diarrhea.

a. Enterotoxigenic (ETEC)

b. Enteropathogenic (EPEC)

c. Enteroinvasive (EIEC)

d. Enteroaggregative (EAEC)

e. Enterohemorrhagic (EHEC)

a. Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)

Infantile diarrhea.

a. Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)

b. Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)

c. Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)

d. Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC)

e. Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)

b. Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)

Produces shigella-like dysentery

a. Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)

b. Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)

c. Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)

d. Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC)

e. Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)

c. Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)

Causes persistent watery diarrhea specially in AIDS patients.

a. Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)

b. Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)

c. Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)

d. Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC)

e. Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)

d. Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC)

Produces shiga-like toxin (STEC) and verotoxin (VTEC).

a. Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)

b. Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)

c. Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)

d. Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC)

e. Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)

e. Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)

Presentation of Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) except:

a. Dysentery

b. Hemolytic uremic syndrome

c. Renal failure

d. Anemia

e. Thrombocytopenia

f. None

f. None

Treatment for Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC).

a. Penicillin

b. Fluoroquinolones

c. Macrolide

d. Amoxicillin

e. Ceftriaxone

b. Fluoroquinolones

E. coli infecting urinary bladder manifested as dysuria, higher frequency of urinating and abdominal pain.

a. Acute cystitis

b. Acute pyelonephritis

c. Asymptomatic bacteruria

a. Acute cystitis

E. coli infection up to the kidney which is manifested as dysuria, higher frequency of urinating, abdominal pain and fever.

a. Acute cystitis

b. Acute pyelonephritis

c. Asymptomatic bacteruria

b. Acute pyelonephritis

Infection with E. coli with positive urine analysis but has no signs and symptoms.

a. Acute cystitis

b. Acute pyelonephritis

c. Asymptomatic bacteruria

c. Asymptomatic bacteruria

Treatment for acute cystitis.

a. Fosfomycin, Nitrofurantoin

b. Fluoroquinolones

c. Cefuroxime

d. Penicillin

a. Fosfomycin, Nitrofurantoin

Treatment for acute pyelonephritis.

a. Fosfomycin, Nitrofurantoin

b. Fluoroquinolones

c. Cefuroxime

d. Penicillin

b. Fluoroquinolones

Treatment for asymptomatic bacteuria.

a. Fosfomycin, Nitrofurantoin

b. Fluoroquinolones

c. Cefuroxime

d. Penicillin

c. Cefuroxime

Asymptomatic bacteuria usually doesn't require treatment except for:

a. Pregnant

b. Patient for urologic procedure

c. Both

d. None of these

c. Both

O157:H7 is a Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) strain that produces sever disease.

a. True

b. False

a. True

Also known as the Friedlander's bacillus which is identified as mucoid colonies (candle like) with capsule.

a. Escherichia coli

b. Klebsiella pneumoniae

c. Salmonella typhi

d. Shigella dysenteriae

e. Yersinia pestis

b. Klebsiella pneumoniae

Can be associated with alcoholics, diabetes, abscesses, aspiration pneumonia.

a. Escherichia coli

b. Klebsiella pneumoniae

c. Salmonella typhi

d. Shigella dysenteriae

e. Yersinia pestis

b. Klebsiella pneumoniae

Treatment for Klebsiella pneumoniae infection.

a. Fosfomycin

b. Fluoroquinolones

c. Cefuroxime

d. Penicillin

e. Carbapenems

e. Carbapenems

A motile H2S producing bacteria which is transmitted through fecal route common in poultry and dairy products.

a. Escherichia coli

b. Klebsiella pneumoniae

c. Salmonella typhi

d. Shigella dysenteriae

e. Yersinia pestis

c. Salmonella typhi

Diagnosed through Widal test.

a. Escherichia coli

b. Klebsiella pneumoniae

c. Salmonella typhi

d. Shigella dysenteriae

e. Yersinia pestis

c. Salmonella typhi

Can cause enterocolitis and enteric fever or typhoid fever.

a. Escherichia coli

b. Klebsiella pneumoniae

c. Salmonella typhi

d. Shigella dysenteriae

e. Yersinia pestis

c. Salmonella typhi

Causes prolonged high grade fever characterized with rose spots or rash on the torso and chronic form may affect the gallbladder.

a. Escherichia coli

b. Klebsiella pneumoniae

c. Salmonella typhi

d. Shigella dysenteriae

e. Yersinia pestis

c. Salmonella typhi

Treatment for S. typhi infection in the Philippines.

a. Ceftriaxone

b. Ciprofloxacin

c. Chloramphenicol

d. a and b

e. All

d. a and b

Ceftriaxone

Ciprofloxacin

Chlromaphenicol may cause aplastic amemia because of:

a. Reduced nitroreduction

b. Reduced glucoronidation

c. Increased nitroreduction

d. Increased glucoronidation

a. Reduced nitroreduction

Chlromaphenicol may cause Gray Baby Syndrome because of:

a. Reduced nitroreduction

b. Reduced glucoronidation

c. Increased nitroreduction

d. Increased glucoronidation

b. Reduced glucoronidation

A fecally transmitted non-motile and non H2S producing bacteria that can be neurotoxic, enterotoxic, and cytotoxic.

a. Escherichia coli

b. Klebsiella pneumoniae

c. Salmonella

d. Shigella

e. Yersinia

d. Shigella

Group A Shigella which is the most common Shigella.

a. Shigella dysenteriae

b. Shigella flexneri

c. Shigella boydii

d. Shigella sonnei

a. Shigella dysenteriae

Group B Shigella which is also the specie endemic in the Philippines.

a. Shigella dysenteriae

b. Shigella flexneri

c. Shigella boydii

d. Shigella sonnei

b. Shigella flexneri

Group C Shigella.

a. Shigella dysenteriae

b. Shigella flexneri

c. Shigella boydii

d. Shigella sonnei

c. Shigella boydii

Group D Shigella which is a late lactose fermenter.

a. Shigella dysenteriae

b. Shigella flexneri

c. Shigella boydii

d. Shigella sonnei

d. Shigella sonnei

Shiga toxin may cause:

a. Seizure

b. Dysentery

c. Tenesmus

d. a and b

e. All

e. All

Seizure: Neurotoxic

Dysentery: Enterotoxic

Tenesmus: (painful defecation) Cytotoxic

Treat for shigella infection in adults.

a. Ciprofloxacin

b. Azithromycin

c. Penicillin

d. Ceftriaxone

a. Ciprofloxacin - can affect tendons thus not appropriate for children.

Treat for shigella infection in children.

a. Ciprofloxacin

b. Azithromycin

c. Penicillin

d. Ceftriaxone

b. Azithromycin

Bacteria causing self limiting enterocolitis which sometimes may be mistaken for appendicitis and can be treated with Doxycycline.

a. Escherichia coli

b. Klebsiella pneumoniae

c. Yersinia pestis

d. Yersinia enterolitica

e. Proteus mirabilis

d. Yersinia enterolitica

A zoonotic infection transmitted from flea to rat to man causing plague.

a. Escherichia coli

b. Klebsiella pneumoniae

c. Yersinia pestis

d. Yersinia enterolitica

e. Proteus mirabilis

c. Yersinia pestis

Presence of enlarged suppurative lymph nodes in the groin and axilla.

a. Bubonic plague

b. Septicemic plague

c. Pneumonic plague

a. Bubonic plague

Hemorrhage which can cause black gangrene in the fingers, toes, nose and may lead to black death.

a. Bubonic plague

b. Septicemic plague

c. Pneumonic plague

b. Septicemic plague

Either from septic emboli or airborne.

a. Bubonic plague

b. Septicemic plague

c. Pneumonic plague

c. Pneumonic plague

Treatment for Yersinia pestis infection.

a. Aminoglycoside

b. Tetracycline

c. Macrolide

d. a and b

e. All

d. a and b

Aminoglycoside

Tetracycline

Urease containing bacteria with swarming motility.

a. Escherichia coli

b. Klebsiella pneumoniae

c. Salmonella

d. Shigella

e. Yersinia

f. Proteus

f. Proteus

Identified by Weil Felix test wherein urinalysis is positive in nitrites and usually cause UTI.

a. Escherichia coli

b. Klebsiella pneumoniae

c. Salmonella

d. Shigella

e. Yersinia

f. Proteus

f. Proteus

Proteus mirabilis

Proteus vulgaris

An oxidase positive, halophilic, comma or curved shaped bacteria with shooting star motility.

a. Vibrio

b. Helicobacter

c. Campylobacter

d. Pseudomonas

e. Calymmatobacterium

f. Gardnerella

a. Vibrio

The only non halophilic vibirio.

a. Vibrio cholerae

b. Vibrio parahaemolyticus

c. Vibrio vulnificus

a. Vibrio cholerae

Yellow colonies vibrio that causes cholera.

a. Vibrio cholerae

b. Vibrio parahaemolyticus

c. Vibrio vulnificus

a. Vibrio cholerae

Green colonies vibrio that causes shellfish poisoning.

a. Vibrio cholerae

b. Vibrio parahaemolyticus

c. Vibrio vulnificus

b. Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Blue-green colonies vibrio that causes oyster poisoning.

a. Vibrio cholerae

b. Vibrio parahaemolyticus

c. Vibrio vulnificus

c. Vibrio vulnificus

Produces a toxin that increase cAMP which increase the movement of water and sodium in the intestinal lumen causing rice watery diarrhea that lead to dehydration.

a. Vibrio cholera

b. Helicobacter pylori

c. Campylobacter jejuni

d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

e. Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis

f. Gardnerella vaginalis

a. Vibrio cholera

Supportive treatment is the main management for rice water infection. To shorten the infection, DOC is

a. Ampicillin

b. Amoxicillin

c. Tetracycline

d. Streptomycin

c. Tetracycline

An oxidase positive, motile, spiral shaped, microaerophilic and lophotrichous bacilli which is also urease positive thus diagnose through urea breath test.

a. Vibrio cholera

b. Helicobacter pylori

c. Campylobacter jejuni

d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

e. Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis

f. Gardnerella vaginalis

b. Helicobacter pylori

Presentation of Helicobacter pylori infection:

a. Halitosis

b. Peptic ulcer disease

c. Chronic gastritis

d. a and b

e. All

e. All

Included in the triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori except:

a. Omeprazole or any PPI

b. Clarithromycin

c. Amoxicillin

d. Metronidazole

e. None

e. None

Triple therapy may be:

OCA: Omeprazole + Clarithromycin + Amoxicillin

OCM: Omeprazole + Clarithromycin + Metronidazole

Included in quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection except:

a. Tetracycline

b. Omeprazole

c. Metronidazole

d. Bismuth salicylate

e. None

e. None

Quadruple Therapy: TOMB

Tetracycline or Amoxicillin

Omeprazole

Metronidazole

Bismuth salicylate

Oxidase positive, comma, s, or gull wing shaped bacilli which is common in dogs and transmitted through direct contact with feces.

a. Vibrio cholera

b. Helicobacter pylori

c. Campylobacter jejuni

d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

e. Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis

f. Gardnerella vaginalis

c. Campylobacter jejuni

Cultured in Skirrow/Butzler medium.

a. Vibrio cholera

b. Helicobacter pylori

c. Campylobacter jejuni

d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

e. Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis

f. Gardnerella vaginalis

c. Campylobacter jejuni

Infection similar to shigellosis which include crampy abdominal pain or bloody diarrhea.

a. Vibrio cholera

b. Helicobacter pylori

c. Campylobacter jejuni

d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

e. Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis

f. Gardnerella vaginalis

c. Campylobacter jejuni

Complication may include Guillan-Barre syndrome which is an ascending paralysis.

a. Vibrio cholera

b. Helicobacter pylori

c. Campylobacter jejuni

d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

e. Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis

f. Gardnerella vaginalis

c. Campylobacter jejuni

Treatment for Campylobacter jejuni infection.

a. Fluoroquinolones

b. Tetracycline

c. Both

d. None of these

c. Both

Colonies emit a fruity smell and inhibits soil, water, and vegetation.

a. Vibrio cholera

b. Helicobacter pylori

c. Campylobacter jejuni

d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

e. Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis

f. Gardnerella vaginalis

d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Blue pigment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa which stimulates inflammatory response.

a. Pyocyanin

b. Pyoverdine

c. Pyorubrin

d. Pyomelanin

a. Pyocyanin

Number 1 cause of nosocomial infection and number 2 cause of burn.

a. Vibrio cholera

b. Helicobacter pylori

c. Campylobacter jejuni

d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

e. Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis

f. Gardnerella vaginalis

d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

May cause hot tub folliculitis

a. Vibrio cholera

b. Helicobacter pylori

c. Campylobacter jejuni

d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

e. Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis

f. Gardnerella vaginalis

d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Can be used for treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

a. Penicillin

b. Cephalosporins

c. Aminoglycoside

d. a and b

e. All

e. All

Cephalosporin that can be used for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

a. Ceftazidime

b. Cefoperazone

c. Cefepime

d. a and b

e. All

e. All

Formerly known as Klebsiella granulomatis.

a. Vibrio cholera

b. Helicobacter pylori

c. Campylobacter jejuni

d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

e. Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis

f. Gardnerella vaginalis

e. Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis

Infection with this microorganism is manifested as donovanosis/ granuloma inguinale which include genital ulcer with beefy base and pseudonuboes.

a. Vibrio cholera

b. Helicobacter pylori

c. Campylobacter jejuni

d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

e. Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis

f. Gardnerella vaginalis

e. Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis

Treatment for Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis.

a. Penicillin

b. Metronidazole

c. Cefepime

d. Azithromycin

e. Tetracycline

d. Azithromycin

Normal flora of vagina wherein when there is change in normal pH, it causes non sexually transmitted bacterial vaginosis which is foul smelling whitish vaginal discharge (fishy odor).

a. Vibrio cholera

b. Helicobacter pylori

c. Campylobacter jejuni

d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

e. Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis

f. Gardnerella vaginalis

f. Gardnerella vaginalis

Diagnosed as clue cells which is vaginal cells embedded with bacteria.

a. Vibrio cholera

b. Helicobacter pylori

c. Campylobacter jejuni

d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

e. Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis

f. Gardnerella vaginalis

f. Gardnerella vaginalis

Treatment for Gardnerella vaginalis.

a. Penicillin

b. Metronidazole

c. Cefepime

d. Azithromycin

e. Tetracycline

b. Metronidazole