Anatomy - Joints and the Knee

ball and socket

acetabulum and femur, humerus and scapula

gliding

intercarpal, intertarsal, and between vertebrae

pivot

for rotation;

atlas and axis & radius and ulna on the proximal end

saddle

trapezium and 1st metacarpal; clavicle and sternum

condyloid

metacarpal to proximal phalange; radius to scaphoid; occipital to atlas

hinge

talus to tibia; elbow; knee; inter-phlanageal

Three types of joints

fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

fibrous

sutures and teeth

cartilaginous

vertebrae disks, ribs to sternum, connecting hip bones at the pubis

only joints with movement

synovial

three things synovial joints must have

articular cartilage, capsule, reinforcing ligaments

medial and lateral meniscus

cartilage, shock absorption between femur and tibia

LCL and MCL

ligaments, prevent side to side sliding of femur on tibia

ACL and PCL

ligaments, prevent front and back sliding of femur on tibia

what tissues can replace a torn ACL?

patellar, quadriceps, hamstring, or cadaver