3.8 & 3.11 nucleotides

what is the structure of nucleotide

pentose sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group (negatively charged)

what are the elements in nucleotides

C, H, O, N and P

what is the structure of nucleotide in DNA

deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group and base

what is a purine

contain two carbon-nitrogen rings joined together

what is a pyrimidine

only one carbon-nitrogen ring (smaller than purine base)

which bases are purines

adenine and guanine

which bases are pyrimidines

thYmine and cYtosine (uracil in RNA)

what is the structure of nucleotide in RNA

ribose sugar, phosphate group and base

how phosphorylate a nucleotide

add one or more phosphate groups

what does ADP (adenosine diphosphate) contain

adenine, ribose sugar and two phosphate groups

what does ATP (adenosine triphosphate) contain

adenine, ribose and three phosphate groups

how to phosphorylate ADP to form ATP

ADP and inorganic phosphate using energy to form ATP and a phosphate bond

how to get ADP from ATP

hydrolysis, energy stored in phosphate bond, when needed ATP broken back down into ADP and inorganic phosphate, energy released and used