2.3 Intro to Memory

The process by which we encode, store, and retrieve information is called __________.

Memory.

The component of working memory that directs attention and coordinates information from the phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad is known as __________.

Central Executive.

Memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and declare is referred to as __________.

Explicit Memory.

A component of working memory that deals with auditory information and language is called __________.

Phonological Loop.

A type of explicit memory that involves the recollection of specific events, situations, and experiences is __________ memory.

Episodic.

A brief sensory memory for visual stimuli, lasting only a fraction of a second, is known as __________ memory.

Iconic.

A type of explicit memory that involves the storage of general knowledge, facts, and concepts is __________ memory.

Semantic.

A brief sensory memory for auditory stimuli, lasting a few seconds, is called __________ memory.

Echoic.

Memory that is not consciously recalled but influences behavior and skills is called __________ memory.

Implicit.

A superficial level of processing that involves focusing on the physical or sensory features of an item is known as __________ processing.

Shallow.

A type of implicit memory that involves the knowledge of how to perform tasks and skills is __________ memory.

Procedural.

A more meaningful level of processing that involves understanding and relating new information to existing knowledge is called __________ processing.

Deep.

The ability to remember to perform a planned action in the future is referred to as __________ memory.

Prospective.

The unconscious encoding of incidental information and well-learned information is known as __________ processing.

Automatic.

The process by which new neurons are formed in the brain is called __________.

Neurogenesis.

The encoding of information that requires conscious effort and attention is known as __________ processing.

Effortful.

A process that strengthens the connections between neurons, making it easier to transmit signals and enhancing memory is called __________ .

Long-Term Potentiation (LTP).

The process of transforming information into a form that can be stored in memory is called __________.

Encoding.

The process of maintaining information in memory over time is known as __________.

Storing.

The process of accessing and bringing stored information into consciousness is called __________.

Retrieval.

A component of working memory that handles visual and spatial information is called __________.

Visuospatial Sketchpad.

A shallow level of processing that focuses on the physical structure of the words is referred to as __________ processing.

Structural.

The relatively permanent storage of information, with a potentially unlimited capacity is known as __________ memory.

Long-Term.

A type of processing that focuses on the sound of words is __________ processing.

Phonemic.

A theoretical model that describes memory as consisting of three stores: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory is known as the __________ Model.

Multi-Store.

The encoding of information based on its meaning, which enhances memory retention, is called __________ Processing.

Semantic.

The initial, brief storage of sensory information is known as __________ memory.

Sensory.

Memory is considered learning that continues over __________.

Time.

Converting information into usable form is referred to as __________.

Encoding.

Maintaining information in memory is known as __________.

Storage.

Accessing stored memories is called __________.

Retrieval.

Working memory acts like a __________ for active information processing.

Desk.

The two main types of explicit memory are __________ and __________ memory.

Episodic; Semantic.

Unconscious recall is a characteristic of __________ memory.

Implicit.

The hippocampus transfers information from __________ to __________ memory.

Short-Term; Long-Term.

A strategy known as __________ rehearsal involves making personal connections to enhance memory retention.

Elaborate.

Self-referent encoding is considered the most __________ strategy for memory retention.

Effective.