Living under Nazi rule, 1933—1945 (OCR)

What event allowed Hitler to exploit political instability and gain power as Chancellor in January 1933?

The economic crisis and political instability in Germany.

What was the Reichstag Fire used for by the Nazis?

It was used as a pretext to suppress political opponents by blaming Communists.

What did the Reichstag Fire Decree accomplish?

It suspended civil liberties, allowing for arbitrary arrests and censorship.

What was the purpose of the Enabling Act passed in March 1933?

It granted Hitler's government the power to pass laws without Reichstag approval.

What does Gleichschaltung refer to in Nazi Germany?

The process of Nazifying all aspects of German society.

What major action did the Nazis take against political parties during Gleichschaltung?

They banned all political parties except the Nazi Party.

What was the role of the Ministry of Propaganda in Nazi Germany?

It controlled all media, arts, and information, promoting Nazi ideology.

What was one method used by the Ministry of Propaganda to disseminate Nazi messages?

Mass produced cheap radios called 'People's Radio'.

What was Kristallnacht?

A violent pogrom against Jews in November 1938, resulting in widespread destruction and arrests.

What was the aim of the Hitler Youth organization?

To indoctrinate and militarize young boys.

What were the Nuremberg Laws?

Laws that deprived Jews of citizenship and prohibited relationships between Jews and non-Jews.

What were Einsatzgruppen during the Holocaust?

Mobile killing squads that murdered Jews and other 'enemies' in mass shootings.

What was the purpose of the 'Final Solution' implemented by the Nazis?

The systematic extermination of Jews in extermination camps.

What measures were taken against Roma in Nazi Germany?

They were subject to racial persecution and genocide.

What were the primary economic aims of Nazi policies during their regime?

Reduce unemployment and achieve autarky (economic self-sufficiency).

What is meant by 'Strength Through Joy' (KdF)?

A state-controlled leisure organization providing subsidized holidays for workers.

What event marked a significant escalation of anti-Jewish measures in 1935?

The implementation of the Nuremberg Laws.

What form of resistance did the 'Edelweiss Pirates' represent?

Youth cultural resistance against Nazi conformity.

What was one consequence of Nazi bombing raids during World War II?

Massive destruction of German cities and civilian casualties.

What was the outcome of the July Bomb Plot of 1944?

It was a failed military coup against Hitler.

What happens to the Nazi regime as Allied forces advanced into Germany in 1945?

The regime crumbled, leading to Hitler's suicide and Germany's unconditional surrender.

How did the Nazis control cultural activities in Germany?

They ensured all cultural activities promoted Nazi values.

What was the initial focus of Nazi economic policies with public works programs?

To create jobs through the construction of autobahns and public buildings.

What did the term 'Kinder, Küche, Kirche' represent in Nazi ideology?

The idealization of women's roles as mothers and homemakers.

What was the impact of the Four Year Plan initiated in 1936?

Focused on autarky and military preparations, prioritizing heavy industry.

What was the role of the Gestapo in Nazi Germany?

To suppress opposition through surveillance, informants, and brutality.

What characterized the Nazi educational system?

The curriculum was rewritten to promote Nazi ideology, and teachers were vetted for political reliability.

What were some initial improvements in living standards under Nazi economic policies?

Initial reduction in unemployment and some improvements in living standards for certain Germans.

What was the treatment of disabled people in Nazi Germany?

They faced forced sterilization and euthanasia programs.

What group did the Nazis target for persecution alongside Jews?

Roma, disabled individuals, homosexuals, and Black Germans.