CH.12- Antimicrobial Drugs--Drug Resistance

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4 Terms

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Blasting the same drug on bacteria

  • → bacteria gains resistance

    • Penicillin+Sulfa Drug resistance is common because it has been around for so long

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Intrinsic v.s Acquired Resistance

  • natural selection (survival of the fittest)

    vs

  • picked up the ability to do horizontal gene transfer (from DNA)

    • Staph+Strep are good at this

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Microbe may “resist” antimicrobials by…

  • Inactivation Drug (special enzymes)

    • Beta-Lactamase

    • Penicillinase

  • Altering Uptake Receptors (surface)

    • receptor is altered → drug has no effect

    • MRSA does this

  • Making “pumps” to EXPEL drug

    • within cytoplasm

    • think ribosome inhibitors

    • specialized membrane proteins continually pump drug out of cell

  • “Rerouting” Metabolism

  • etc.

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