Chemistry unit test 3

The s-block

The p-block

Metals

Kind of mineral substances.

Non-metals

Chemical elements that are not metals.

Metalloids

Chemicals elements with some of the properties of metals/non-metals.

Transition metals

Normal metals (group 3 -> group 12).

Alkali metals

They are very reactive (group 1 except hydrogen).

Alkaline earth metals

Reactive but not so much as the alkali metals (group 2).

Noble gasses

Non reactive non-metals (group 18).

Halogens

Very reactive non-metals (group 17).

Group

The vertical row of the periodic table and has properties of elements in the same ______ are similar.

Period

The horizontal row of the periodic table and has properties of elements change accross a _____.

Periodic law

When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there are repeating patterns in their physical/chemical properties

Conductors

Materials that let heat and/or electricity past through.

Malleable

You can change the shape of a material without breaking it.

Ductile

Can be bent or stretched easily

Brittle

Delicate and easily broken.

Dull

Not shiny.

great; malleable; ductile; shiny; solids; high

Metals are ____ conductors of heat and electricity. They are also m__, d___ and have a ____ surface. Because metals are ___ at room temperature so they have ___ melting points.

gasses; brittle; dull; poor

Most nonmetals are ___ at room temperature, but some are b___ and d___ solids. They are ____ conductors of heat and electricity.

similar; similar

Metalloids are _____ to metals in someways, and _____ to nonmetals in other ways.

1869

The periodic table was created in ____

increasing; atomic number; groups; periods

In the modern periodic table, elements are arranged by the _____ of _____. They are laid out in g___ and p___ that highlight patterns in their chemical/physical properties.

Physical properties

The characteristics you can observe/measure without changing what the substance is made of.

Chemical properties

How a substance forms compounds with other substances (you cannot observe/measure this without changing what the substance is made of)

Cations

Types of ions are usually formed by metals and have positive charge.

Anions

Types of ions are usually formed by nonmetals and have negative charge.

Ions

An atom that has a positive/negative charge because it has gained/lost electrons. Atoms achiece a stable noble gas electron configuration by either losing all their valence electrons/gaining enough electrons to fill up their outer energy level.

Noble gas electron configuration

The elemental symbol of the last noble gas prior to that atom, followed by the configuration of the remaining electrons.

Ionization energy

The energy needed to remove an electron from an atom (measured in k/mol).