SUBJECT 2. ROAD AND TRAFFIC RULES (SIGNS, MARKINGS, AND SIGNALS)

Regulatory Signs

Signs that indicate laws or regulations that must be followed. Noncompliance may result in legal offenses, such as surrendering a driver's license.

Prohibitive Signs

Signs that prohibit certain actions or the entry of specific vehicles. Examples include No Entry, No Turn, and No Overtaking signs.

Directional Signs

Signs that indicate the only direction a motorist is allowed to follow. Examples include No Turns, One Way, and Keep Right signs.

Priority Signs

Signs that help drivers determine the priority of passing vehicles at junctions. Examples include Stop and Give Way signs.

Load and Dimension Restriction Signs

Signs that limit the size or weight of vehicles allowed on specific roads or bridges. Example: No entry for vehicles with more than 5 tons gross vehicle mass.

Speed Limit Signs

Signs that indicate the maximum, minimum, or the end of speed restrictions.

No Entry for Vehicles with Gross Axle Load More Than 2 Tons

A sign indicating that vehicles with a gross axle load greater than 2 tons are prohibited from entering a road or bridge.

No Entry for Vehicles with Gross Vehicle Mass More Than 5 Tons

A sign indicating that vehicles with a gross vehicle mass greater than 5 tons are prohibited from entering a road or bridge.

No Entry for Vehicles with More Than 2 Meters of Width

A sign indicating that vehicles wider than 2 meters are prohibited from entering a road or bridge.

No Entry for Vehicles with More Than 3.5 Meters in Height

A sign indicating that vehicles taller than 3.5 meters are prohibited from entering a road or bridge.

No Entry for Vehicles with More Than 10 Meters in Length

A sign indicating that vehicles longer than 10 meters are prohibited from entering a road or bridge.

No Turns Sign

A sign that prohibits turning at a particular intersection or road.

One Way Sign

A sign that indicates vehicles can only travel in one direction on that road.

Keep Right Sign

A sign that directs vehicles to keep to the right side of the road.

Stop Sign

A sign that requires vehicles to come to a complete stop at a designated stop line.

Give Way Sign

A sign that requires vehicles to yield to other vehicles at intersections.

Parking Signs

Signs that indicate parking and loading zones, as well as areas where parking is prohibited.

No Parking Within Four Meters of Fire Hydrant

A sign that prohibits parking within four meters of a fire hydrant.

No Parking Tow-Away Zone

A sign that indicates that vehicles parked in violation will be towed.

Bus-PUJ Stop Zone

A sign indicating areas where parking is prohibited to maintain bus or jeepney stop zones.

Use Seat Belt Sign

A sign reminding drivers and passengers to use seat belts, in accordance with the Seat Belt Law (Republic Act 8750).

Pedestrian Crossing Sign

A sign that alerts drivers to pedestrian crossings and requires them to stop for pedestrians.

Bicycle Lane Sign

A sign that marks lanes designated for bicycle use.

Warning for Children/Bikers/Persons with Disabilities

A sign that alerts drivers to be cautious for pedestrians, children, bikers, or people with disabilities on the road.

Warning Signs

Triangular-shaped signs with red outlines, usually yellow, alerting drivers about road conditions and potential hazards ahead.

Road Curve Ahead Sign

A warning sign indicating a bend or curve in the road, advising drivers to reduce speed for safety.

Merge Sign

A warning sign alerting drivers about merging traffic, requiring them to change lanes or allow other vehicles to merge into their lane.

Intersection Sign

A warning sign indicating the presence of an intersection ahead, advising drivers to be prepared to stop or yield.

Traffic Lights Ahead Sign

A warning sign indicating traffic lights ahead, reminding drivers not to park or stop within six meters of the sign.

Stop Sign Ahead

A warning sign indicating a stop sign is ahead, requiring drivers to slow down and prepare to stop at the intersection.

Give Way Sign Ahead

A warning sign indicating a Give Way sign is ahead, reminding drivers to yield to oncoming traffic.

Road Width Sign

A warning sign informing drivers that the road ahead narrows, requiring caution and possible lane adjustments.

Road Obstacle Signs

Warning signs alerting drivers to possible road hazards such as obstacles, bridges, or uneven surfaces.

Opening Bridge Ahead Sign

A warning sign indicating an opening bridge is ahead, alerting drivers to slow down and be prepared for the bridge to open.

Uneven Road Ahead Sign

A warning sign indicating an uneven or bumpy road surface ahead, requiring drivers to slow down for safety.

Hump Ahead Sign

A warning sign indicating a raised area or hump on the road ahead, advising drivers to reduce speed.

Downhill Sign

A warning sign indicating a downhill road ahead, advising drivers to reduce speed and use lower gears.

Uphill Sign

A warning sign indicating an uphill road ahead, advising drivers to adjust speed accordingly.

Low-Flying Airplane Zone Sign

A warning sign indicating a low-flying airplane zone ahead, advising drivers to remain alert.

Spill Way Sign

A warning sign indicating a spillway or flooded area ahead, requiring drivers to proceed with caution.

Flood-Prone Area Sign

A warning sign indicating a flood-prone area ahead, advising drivers to be cautious during rainy weather.

Landslide-Prone Area Sign

A warning sign indicating a landslide-prone area, advising drivers to be alert to potential road blockages.

Animal Crossing Ahead Sign

A warning sign indicating animals may be crossing the road ahead, requiring drivers to slow down and remain alert.

Slippery When Wet Sign

A warning sign indicating that the road may be slippery when wet, advising drivers to reduce speed in rainy conditions.

Railway Crossing Sign

A warning sign indicating railroad tracks ahead, requiring drivers to stop and yield to any approaching trains.

Road Work Ahead Sign

A warning sign indicating road construction ahead, advising drivers to slow down and follow detours if necessary.

Supplemental Warning Signs

Signs providing additional information for primary warning signs, such as "when wet" or "next hazard" signs.

Slow Down Accident Prone Area Sign

A supplemental warning sign advising drivers to slow down in accident-prone areas to reduce the risk of crashes.

Slow Down Weighbridge Ahead Sign

A supplemental warning sign indicating a weighbridge ahead, advising trucks and large vehicles to slow down.

Lane Ends Sign

A supplemental warning sign indicating that a lane is about to end, requiring drivers to merge into another lane.

Advance Direction Signs

Informative signs that indicate the direction a driver must follow on a particular route.

Intersection Direction Signs

Informative signs that indicate the direction of travel at an intersection, typically displayed within one kilometer of the intersection.

Reassurance Direction Signs

Informative signs that indicate the distance remaining to a particular exit or location, helping drivers stay on track.

Finger and Board Direction Signs

Informative signs providing directions to towns, scenic attractions, or other less significant intersections.

Street, Town, and Geographical Signs

Informative signs displaying the names of streets, towns, or geographical features that the road passes through or enters.

Service Signs

Informative signs that direct drivers to nearby facilities such as gas stations, restaurants, or hospitals.

Route Markers

Signs indicating specific routes or highways, including the main Kilometer Zero Marker used as a reference point for measuring distance.

Asian Highway Route Markers

Signs marking routes that are part of the Asian Highway network, a 140,000-kilometer system across 32 countries.

Use Overpass Sign

An instructional sign advising drivers to use an overpass at certain locations for safety.

Stop Here on Red Signal Sign

An instructional sign indicating that drivers must stop at a red signal before proceeding.

Slow Cars Stay Right Sign

An instructional sign advising slower vehicles to stay in the right lane to allow faster traffic to pass.

Hazard Markers

Signs that indicate a change in road direction or an obstruction ahead, including one-way, chevron, and obstruction markers.

One-Way Hazard Marker

A hazard marker directing drivers to follow a one-way road or traffic flow.

Chevron Marker

A hazard marker guiding drivers through a change in horizontal road alignment.

Two-Way Hazard Marker

A hazard marker used where an obstruction allows traffic to pass on either side.

Obstruction Marker

A hazard marker indicating an obstruction or road closure ahead.

Width Marker

A hazard marker indicating a narrowing road or bridge, advising drivers to proceed with caution.

EDGE LINE

A solid white line indicating the side of the roadway, separating the road from the curb or sidewalk.

CENTER LINE

A solid white line in the middle of the road that separates traffic flow in opposite directions.

BROKEN WHITE LINE

Divides lanes moving in the same direction or separates opposite traffic in two-lane streets. Allows safe overtaking or changing lanes.

STOP LINE

A horizontal line near pedestrian lanes or intersections indicating where vehicles should stop.

SOLID WHITE LINE - LANE DIVIDER

Indicates that drivers must stay in their lane near intersections or crossroads.

SOLID YELLOW LANE DIVIDER

A solid yellow line preventing overtaking from both directions, though crossing may be allowed for parking.

SOLID YELLOW DOUBLE CENTER LINE

Strongly prohibits overtaking or crossing from both directions, often seen on fast or accident-prone roads.

CONTINUITY LINE

Wider and closer lines indicating that the lane is ending or exiting; seen on ramps or exits.

TRANSITION LINES

Guides vehicles through obstructions like islands or changes in road width, signaling lane reductions or increases.

GIVE WAY/HOLDING LINES

Marks indicating that drivers should yield to traffic on the main road, also used for roundabout entry points.

ROUNDABOUT HOLDING LINES

Marks showing where to stop before entering a roundabout, yielding to vehicles inside.

SIGNALIZED PEDESTRIAN LANE

Pedestrian lane with signal displays and traffic lights, allowing crossing only when the light turns on.

NON-SIGNALIZED PEDESTRIAN LANE

Pedestrian lane without signals; vehicles must stop and give way to pedestrians.

TURN LINE

Guides vehicles in turning at intersections, preventing entry into opposite lanes.

LOADING AND UNLOADING BAY LANE LINE

Indicates where passengers can get on or off public utility vehicles.

PARKING BAY

Lines for organized parking, often with designated spaces for people with disabilities.

APPROACH PAVEMENT MARKINGS FOR ISLANDS

Oblique markings guiding vehicles around islands or obstructions.

RUMBLE STRIPS

Raised horizontal lines on the road that alert drivers through vibration about hazards like dangerous curves or merging traffic.

CURB STRIPING

Used to clarify parking and curb rules in drop-off and pick-up zones.

YELLOW CURB PAINTING

Indicates no parking; temporary stops for loading/unloading are allowed but drivers must remain in the vehicle.

RED CURB PAINTING

Indicates no parking and no loading/unloading, often found near fire hydrants or busy traffic areas.

RAILROAD CROSSING AHEAD

A white X-shaped sign or "RR" marking that warns of a railroad crossing ahead.

PAVEMENT ARROWS

White arrows indicating the direction a vehicle should proceed in a specific lane, guiding straight, turns, or U-turns.

SPEED LIMIT MARKING

Pavement markings showing the speed limit for vehicles in a given area.

OBJECT MARKINGS

Used to mark obstacles on the road, often with black and white or yellow stripes to enhance visibility.

RAISED PAVEMENT MARKING

Safety device made from plastic, ceramic, or metal used in place of lane lines, sometimes reflectorized for night visibility.

CAT'S EYES

Reflectorized raised pavement markers used to enhance road visibility at night.

BUS AND PUV LANE MARKINGS

Yellow lines marking lanes designated for buses and public utility vehicles, separating them from other traffic.

MOTORCYCLE LANE MARKINGS

Markings indicating designated lanes for motorcycles to prevent accidents and ensure safety.

BICYCLE LANE MARKINGS

A solid white line designating lanes reserved exclusively for bicycles.

TRAFFIC LIGHTS

Signals that control traffic using color lights: green (go), yellow (prepare to stop), red (stop).

FLASHING GREEN SIGNAL

Indicates that vehicles can go straight, turn left or right with caution.

FLASHING YELLOW SIGNAL

Indicates that vehicles may continue driving but should do so with caution.