Aice U.S History (Roaring 20's/ Great Depression/ New Deal)

For American farming, the years 1921 to 1929 were a period of:
A. Increase in the size of the farming population
B. Rapid inflation in the price of farmland
C. Low prices for agricultural products
D. Increased government subsidization
E. Increase in the number of small, family-owned farms

C. Low prices for agricultural products

Charles Lindbergh became a national hero for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
A. He was seen as a modest, handsome daredevil
B. He made a solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean
C. He advocated American leadership in world affairs
D. He embodied American traditional values in the new industrialized society
E. His success incorporated elements of technology and individualism

C. He advocated American leadership in world affairs

American writers of the 1920s have been called the "lost generation" because they:
A. Found it difficult to get their work published
B. Were disillusioned with the course of American life
C. Failed to achieve fame in their lifetime
D. Were politically radical in a conservative era
E. Preferred to write for a European rather than an American audience

B. Were disillusioned with the course of American life

Which of the following BEST describes the Harlem Renaissance?
A. The rehabilitation of a decaying urban area
B. The outpouring of Black artistic and literary creativity
C. The beginning of the NAACP
D. The most famous art show of the early twentieth century
E. The establishment of the motion picture industry

B. The outpouring of Black artistic and literary creativity

The assembly-line production of Henry Ford's Model T automobile resulted in which of the following
by the end of the 1920s?
A. A sharp decrease in railroad passenger traffic
B. The federal government's abandonment of research on air travel
C. The development of a large international market for American automobiles
D. Widespread purchase of automobiles by average American families
E. Construction of federal interstate highway system

D. Widespread purchase of automobiles by average American families

Which of the following BEST characterizes the writers associated with the literary flowering of the
1920s, such as Sinclair Lewis and F. Scott Fitzgerald?
A. Sympathy for Protestant fundamentalism
B. Nostalgia for the "good old days"
C. Commitment to the cause of racial equality
D. Advocacy of cultural isolationism
E. Criticism of middle-class conformity and materialism

E. Criticism of middle-class conformity and materialism

Which event of the 1920s symbolized a conflict over cultural events?
A. Election of Herbert Hoover
B. Transatlantic flight of Charles Lindbergh
C. Scopes Trial
D. Stock market crash

C. Scopes Trial

The data in the chart support the idea that the immigration laws of 1921 and 1924 were primarily
designed to:
A. Stop illegal entry into the country
B. Admit skilled workers
C. Encourage immigration from southern Europe
D. Reduce immigration from specific regions

D. Reduce immigration from specific regions

The US adopted the immigration policies shown in the chart above mainly because of:
A. Pressure from nativists and unions
B. Hardships causes by the Great Depression
C. Prejudices generated during WWI
D. Threats from other nations to stop immigration to the US

C. Prejudices generated during WWI

Which group of Americans generally failed to experience the economic opportunities of the 1920s?
A. Farmers
B. Retailers
C. Consumers
D. Manufacturers

A. Farmers

The economic boom of the 1920s was primarily caused by the:
A. New economic policies of the League of Nations
B. Development of new consumer goods industries
C. Advent of advertising on radio
D. Elimination of barriers to international trade

B. Development of new consumer goods industries

During most of the 1920s, which group experienced the most severe economic problems?
A. Owners of small family farms
B. Workers in the automobile industry
C. Bankers in urban centers
D. Entertainers in the field of radio

A. Owners of small family farms

Who were Sacco and Vanzetti?
A. Anarchists who were accused of mailing bombs to politicians around the country
B. Communist leaders of the Red Scare
C. Anarchists who were accused of killing a paymaster and guard in a holdup
D. Two men in the Gambino family who were able to fix the 1919 World Series

C. Anarchists who were accused of killing a paymaster and guard in a holdup

Which of the following statements regarding the Palmer Raids is/are true?
A. They were authorized by the Attorney General
B. They were a response to a wave of mail bombs being sent around the country
C. They resulted in the arrest of 5,000 people and the confiscation of 3 guns
D. Both "A" and "C"
E. All of the above

D. Both "A" and "C"

When was the first presidential election in which women were allowed to vote?
A. 1916
B. 1920
C. 1924
D. 1928

B. 1920

Why was Calvin Coolidge called a "hands off" president?
A. He believed that government did not have to do much to make the U.S. prosper and he only worked about 4 hours a day
B. He allowed his Ohio Gang to make most of the important decisions
C. He wanted to make the federal government smaller by giving more power to Congress
D. He only worked 4 hours a day because he suffered from a stroke, but the public thought he was just
lazy

A. He believed that government did not have to do much to make the U.S. prosper and he only worked about 4 hours a day

The Democratic platform of 1920 included:
A. A Progressive plan to increase the government's role in the economy and support of the League of Nations
B. A plan to regulate the stock exchange and support of the League of Nations
C. Criticism of the League of Nations and a plan for reforms for factory workers
D. Laissez-faire views on the economy and plans to reform the stock exchange

A. A Progressive plan to increase the government's role in the economy and support of the League of Nations

What was the Teapot Dome scandal?
A. President Harding sold government land to oil speculators, who were his friends, for pennies an acre
B. President Harding allowed oil companies to lease government land for a small fee but did not make them pay the government money for the oil they took from the land they leased
C. The Secretary of the Interior leased government oil reserves to a private company that paid him kickbacks
D. The Secretary of the Interior leased land to a railroad company that cut down a protected National Forest and sold the trees for profit

C. The Secretary of the Interior leased government oil reserves to a private company that paid him kickbacks

Which of the following statements about President Herbert Hoover is/are true?
A. He was a Democrat
B. He decreased the size of the military
C. He believed in Laissez-faire principles
D. He invented the vacuum cleaner
E. Both "B" and "C"

B. He decreased the size of the military

Why did the price of farm products drop in the early 1920s?
A. Farm products were not in high demand because the war (WWI) was over
B. More land was farmed, which created a large supply, which caused prices to drop
C. Farmers were working hard to produce more food so they could sell it and pay off the loans they
took out during WWI to buy equipment and land
D. All of the above

D. All of the above

The government of the United States first became
directly involved in supporting the price of agricultural
products as a result of
(1) increased imports of foreign food products during
the Progressive Era
(2) the Depression of the 1930's
(3) participation in World War II
(4) the global need for more food after World War II

(2) the Depression of the 1930's

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC),
established during the New Deal, were important
because they
(1) increased the supply of money in the economy
(2) guaranteed loans to failing businesses and banks
(3) attempted to restore public confidence in
financial institutions
(4) provided grants to unemployed workers

(3) attempted to restore public confidence in
financial institutions

President Franklin D. Roosevelt's response to Supreme
Court decisions that declared several New Deal laws
unconstitutional was to

(2) propose legislation to increase the size of the
Court

The major purpose of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's
bank holiday of 1933 was to
(1) restore public confidence in the nation's banks
(2) reinforce strict laws to punish banks charging high
interest rates
(3) reduce the number of banks to a manageable
number
(4) encourage the nation's banks to loan more money
to failing businesses

(1) restore public confidence in the nation's banks

Public disregard for Prohibition and for laws prohibiting
gambling indicates that
(1) the American film industry has great influence on
public opinion
(2) the system of checks and balances does not work
(3) attempts to legislate public morality may be
met with strong resistance
(4) American citizens have little, if any, respect for laws

(3) attempts to legislate public morality may be
met with strong resistance

Prior to entering World War I, the United States
protested Germany's use of submarine warfare primarily
because it
(1) violated the Monroe Doctrine
(2) discouraged immigration to the United States
(3) posed a direct threat to American cities
(4) violated the principle of freedom of the seas

(4) violated the principle of freedom of the seas

Many farmers failed to share in the general prosperity of
the 1920s mainly because they
(1) lacked new farm machinery to increase production
(2) did not have sufficient numbers of farm laborers
(3) had to pay high wages to their workers
(4) received low prices for crops due to
overproduction

(4) received low prices for crops due to
overproduction

President Franklin D. Roosevelt's reelection in 1940
created a controversy that eventually led to
(1) the Supreme Court declaring the election
unconstitutional
(2) the establishment of presidential term limits
(3) an effort to increase voter participation
(4) an attempt to increase the number of Justices on
the Supreme Court

(2) the establishment of presidential term limits

Which pair of events illustrates an accurate
cause-and-effect relationship?
(1) Sacco and Vanzetti trial ratification of the
woman suffrage amendment
(2) rebirth of the KKK formation of the Populist
Party
(3) Red Scare demand for limits on immigration
(4) high food prices start of the Great Depression

(3) Red Scare demand for limits on immigration

President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Good Neighbor
policy was designed mainly to
(1) reduce border conflicts with Canada
(2) increase acceptance of minorities within the
United States
(3) encourage Germany and the Soviet Union to
resolve their differences
(4) improve relations with Latin America

(4) improve relations with Latin America

The "dust bowls" described by John Steinbeck in The
Grapes of Wrath had the greatest impact on
(1) residents of urban slums
(2) workers in factory sweatshops
(3) plantation owners in the rural south
(4) farmers on the Great Plains

(4) farmers on the Great Plains

A main reason that demand for American farm goods
dropped dramatically in the 1920's was that
(1) European need for imported farm products
declined after World War I
(2) fashion styles required less cotton material than
previous styles
(3) Americans refused to buy foods that were
genetically altered
(4) people left the cities to return to the farms

(1) European need for imported farm products
declined after World War I

A major criticism of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's
programs to combat the Great Depression was that
these programs
(1) reduced the power of the Federal Government
(2) ignored the plight of homeowners with mortgages
(3) provided too much protection for big business
(4) made people dependent on the Federal
Government

(4) made people dependent on the Federal
Government

What was an underlying cause of the Great
Depression?
(1) unequal distribution of income throughout the
1920s
(2) adoption of high federal income tax rates during
the 1920s
(3) failure of American farmers to produce enough
food after World War I
(4) rapid increase in federal defense spending following World War I

(1) unequal distribution of income throughout the
1920s

The Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s most enhanced
American culture by
(1) pressuring southern states to extend voting rights
(2) expanding African American access to education
(3) popularizing African American contributions
to the arts
(4) convincing the Supreme Court to allow
affirmative action

(3) popularizing African American contributions
to the arts

During World War I, what was President Woodrow
Wilson's purpose in outlining the Fourteen Points?
(1) asking Congress for additional funding for the
war effort
(2) suggesting a peace plan to prevent future wars
(3) proposing war crimes trials for leaders of enemy
nations
(4) calling for military alliances against aggressor
nations

(2) suggesting a peace plan to prevent future wars

The Red Scare, the growth of the Ku Klux Klan, and
the murder convictions of Sacco and Vanzetti were
influenced by
(1) the rise of organized crime
(2) the passage of immigration quota acts
(3) a distrust of foreigners
(4) an effort to stop fascism

(3) a distrust of foreigners

In the 1920s, which economic factor led to the Great
Depression?
(1) lack of investment in the stock market
(2) attempt by the United States to promote free trade
(3) failure to develop new consumer goods industries
(4) overproduction of farm products and
manufactured goods

(4) overproduction of farm products and
manufactured goods

The main idea of this 1937 cartoon about President Franklin D. Roosevelt is that the president is
(1) trying to increase the public's respect for the Supreme Court
(2) seeking the Supreme Court's help against his political opponents
(3) attempting to exercise too much influence over the Supreme Court
(4) refusing to allow the Supreme Court to review legislation

(3) attempting to exercise too much influence over the Supreme Court

One outcome of the situation referred to in the cartoon was that
(1) President Roosevelt decided not to seek reelection
(2) the Supreme Court ended most New Deal programs
(3) President Roosevelt was impeached for abuse of his powers
(4) Congress rejected President Roosevelt's effort to pack the Supreme Court

(4) Congress rejected President Roosevelt's effort to pack the Supreme Court

What caused the sharp rise in unemployment after World War I?
1) Factories using Ford's new assembly line technology needed fewer workers.
2) The millions of workers who went on strike for higher wages were fired.
3) Veterans returning from the war could not get their old jobs back from the men
who had filled them.
4) The government cancelled billions of dollars worth of contracts, so factories cut back production

4) The government cancelled billions of dollars worth of contracts, so factories cut back production

2. What plan of President Harding's was called the "trickle-down theory" by his opponents?
1) tax cuts for the working poor that would give them more money to buy goods,
stimulating the economy
2) plans to reform the government at the highest level that would end political
corruption in the cities
3) tax cuts for wealthy Americans that were supposed to stimulate investment in
business and create jobs
4) federal investment in business, including subsidies for businesses to keep them hiring

3) tax cuts for wealthy Americans that were supposed to stimulate investment in

President Warren Harding defined "normalcy" as
1) a return to prewar isolationism.
2) stability and prosperity.
3) an end to political corruption.
4) big business and small government.

2) stability and prosperity.

What caused prices for goods to rise so much after World War I?
1) The costs of raw materials increased dramatically.
2) Manufacturers held back goods from sale to drive prices up.
3) Stores found they could easily overcharge returning soldiers.
4) People rushed to buy goods they could not get during the war.

4) People rushed to buy goods they could not get during the war.

Why did trade with Europe increase under President Coolidge despite higher tariffs on foreign goods?
1) Europe wanted to show its loyalty to the United States.
2) Europe needed to rebuild its economy after the war.
3) Tax cuts for American exporters decreased the costs of trade.
4) Tax cuts for wealthier Americans encouraged trade with Europe.

2) Europe needed to rebuild its economy after the war.

President Coolidge expanded the pro-business policies started by President Harding by
1) removing tariffs on foreign goods.
2) promoting regulation of prices to help farmers.
3) establishing tax cuts for the wealthiest citizens.
4) increasing competition among domestic products.

2) promoting regulation of prices to help farmers.

The 1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact outlawed
1) war.
2) bribery.
3) free trade.
4) strikes.

1) war.

What strategy helped Calvin Coolidge win the presidential election in 1924?
1) running on the slogan "Keep Cool with Coolidge," which won over young voters
2) firing all officials who had been involved in the Harding administration scandals
3) promoting price regulations to provide aid to farmers, which won over
progressives
4) focusing on relations with Europe, Asia, and Africa to prevent another world war

2) firing all officials who had been involved in the Harding administration scandals

How did the rise of the auto industry affect the American economy in the 1920s?
1) A record number of Americans were inspired to buy other labor-saving devices.
2) Millions of workers took jobs making steel, rubber, and glass for car parts.
3) A record number of Americans spent billions of dollars on life insurance.
4) Millions of workers asked for raises to pay off their car loans.

2) Millions of workers took jobs making steel, rubber, and glass for car parts.

The new mass entertainment technologies of radio and movies were made possible by the
1) new cult of celebrity.
2) growth of cities.
3) existence of plentiful electricity.
4) postwar attituds of Americans.

3) existence of plentiful electricity.

How was Henry Ford able to make his Model Ts affordable for most Americans?
1) He received government subsidies that kept production costs down.
2) He invented an assembly line that enabled him to produce cars quickly and cheaply.
3) He instituted a 12-hour workday, thereby increasing the number of cars made.
4) He rewarded hard workers with car vouchers, thereby boosting morale and
productivity.

2) He invented an assembly line that enabled him to produce cars quickly and cheaply.

How was the Ford automobile business different from General Motors?
1) Ford offered the Model T in several colors, while General Motors offered high
powered cars in black only.
2) Ford utilized the assembly line to make cars, while General Motors hired
immigrants to work.
3) Ford offered affordable cars in black only, while General Motors offered cars with
more power and colors.
4) Ford provided work for both men and women, while General Motors provided
work for men only.

3) Ford offered affordable cars in black only, while General Motors offered cars with
more power and colors.

According to the chart, which of the following is true of Model T prices during the period between 1919
and 1927?
1) Prices were reduced by almost twenty percent.
2) Prices increased in comparison with the previous decade.
3) Prices diminished at a lower rate than in the previous decade.
4) Prices diminished dramatically in comparison with the previous decade.

3) Prices diminished at a lower rate than in the previous decade.

In the 1920s, women were allowed into which of the following for the first time?
1) the Senate
2) colleges
3) law firms
4) the military

2) colleges

What was one of the concerns raised by Alfred E. Smith's candidacy in the election of 1928?
1) Smith was a Catholic.
2) Smith professed nationalistic ideals.
3) Smith was involved in a bribery scandal.
4) Smith's campaign ignored city dwellers.

1) Smith was a Catholic.

What caused the Palmer raids?
1) Anarchists and Communists put a flaming cross on the lawn of a senator's home.
2) Italian-born anarchists robbed and murdered a factory paymaster.
3) An anonymously placed bomb exploded outside the home of the attorney general.
4) American workers went on strike in 1919 in support of Communism.

3) An anonymously placed bomb exploded outside the home of the attorney general.

Why was it difficult to enforce the Eighteenth Amendment?
1) It attempted to end prohibition, which was already over.
2) It was ignored in rural areas where police could not go.
3) It outlawed the sale of alcohol, which could not be supervised.
4) It set fines for defying prohibition that could not be imposed.

3) It outlawed the sale of alcohol, which could not be supervised.

How did fundamentalism affect society in the 1920s?
1) Urban areas were blamed for society's problems by inhabitants of small towns.
2) It supported the teaching of science, which led to a better education in schools.
3) It called attention to important issues such as race, equality, and religion.
4) Children were taught how to conduct themselves in a more mature manner.

1) Urban areas were blamed for society's problems by inhabitants of small towns.

One way the Ku Klux Klan terrorized African Americans was by
1) taking them into fields and lynching them.
2) writing racist letters to the government.
3) working them to death without pay.
4) having them thrown out of the country.

4) having them thrown out of the country.

The effects of Prohibition included
1) strained relations with Canada, because so much illegal alcohol entered the United
States across the Canadian border.
2) more expensive home-made alcohol, such as moonshine, which was sold in
speakeasies.
3) the rise of organized crime, as gangs became more powerful with the money they
obtained from selling illegal weapons.
4) increased government corruption, as local police and politicians took bribes from
gangsters to ignore the movement and sale of alcohol.

4) increased government corruption, as local police and politicians took bribes from
gangsters to ignore the movement and sale of alcohol.