Untitled Flashcards Set

What are two medieval elements depicted on the pulpit for the Baptistery of Pisa Cathedral?

Trefoil arches and narrative relief panels.

What reflects the new trend toward naturalism in Giotto's Enthroned Madonna?

Use of chiaroscuro, three-dimensional volume, realistic drapery, and a sense of weight in the figures.

What are confraternities?

Lay brotherhoods dedicated to religious or charitable works.

Which skill did Leonardo da Vinci highlight about himself in his letter to the Duke of Milan?

His expertise in military engineering.

Which monastic order influenced art through its stress on nature and personal experience?

The Franciscans.

What was the preferred overall composition during the Early Renaissance?

Pyramid or triangular composition.

What is a false statement about the Mona Lisa?

That it was painted on canvas (it is on wood panel).

What style does the frontality and stiff poses in Berlinghieri's Saint Francis Altarpiece follow?

Byzantine (or Italo-Byzantine) style.

What style does Giovanni Pisano's pulpit for Sant'Andrea show an interest in?

Gothic style.

Which city established itself as a major shipping power?

Venice.

Which groups would be portrayed negatively in The Triumph of Death?

The wealthy and pleasure-seekers.

What are examples of allusions to God in Jan van Eyck's Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride?

The single lit candle, the convex mirror, and the position of the figures.

Which counties did the Dukes of Burgundy wield power over in the 15th century?

Flanders, Artois, and Brabant.

What alternates with scenes of courtly life in Les Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry?

Agricultural and peasant life.

What does the fountain created by Claus Sluter symbolize?

The promise of salvation through Christ.

Who specialized in images of the Madonna and Child?

Raphael.

What was a manifestation of the commitment to private prayer?

The creation of devotional altarpieces for home use.

Why did the Well of Moses not actually spout water?

It was symbolic rather than functional, representing 'living water'.

Who commissioned Les Très Riches Heures?

The Duke of Berry.

What content does the Nuremberg Chronicle cover?

A history of the world from biblical creation to the 15th century.

What is the title of Martin Schongauer's engraving featuring tonal values and textures?

Saint Anthony Tormented by Demons.

What stylistic element did Riemenschneider successfully incorporate in Assumption of the Virgin?

Gothic elegance with intricate carving and fluid drapery.

What does the term horror vacui mean?

Fear of empty space (art filled with decorative details).

What flowers associated with the Virgin are included by Robert Campin?

White lilies (purity), violets (humility), roses (divine love).

What iconography is present in Robert Campin's Mérode Altarpiece?

Extinguished candle, mousetrap, water basin.

Who actively collected Classical sculpture during the Renaissance?

The Medici family.

What are some Medieval narrative methods?

Continuous narrative, hierarchical scale, compartmentalized storytelling.

What classical references are seen on Ghiberti's competitive panel for the Baptistery doors?

Nude figures, contrapposto, spatial depth.

How did Donatello revolutionize relief sculpture?

Using schiacciato (shallow relief technique).

How did Gentile da Fabriano reconcile the Adoration of the Magi with Renaissance trends?

He combined International Gothic details with elements of naturalism and perspective.

How did Masaccio create a sense of bulk for his figures in the Tribute Money?

Through the use of chiaroscuro and linear perspective.

What does Adam's feet touching the ground symbolize in Masaccio's Expulsion of Adam and Eve?

Their earthly suffering and mortality.

What does Masaccio's Trinity embody aside from realism based on observation?

Mathematical perspective.

Who won the competition for the bronze doors of the Florence Baptistery?

Lorenzo Ghiberti.

What was Donatello the first to sculpt?

A freestanding nude since antiquity.

Who gave Leonardo da Vinci his first job in an art studio?

Andrea del Verrocchio.

Who was most interested in depicting the human body in violent action?

Michelangelo.

Which sculptor reintroduced the principle of contrapposto into free-standing sculpture?

Donatello.

To whom is the development of linear perspective generally credited?

Filippo Brunelleschi.

Where is the vanishing point in Masaccio's Trinity?

At the base of the cross.

How does Michelangelo's depiction of women differ from typical Renaissance depictions?

He gave them muscular physiques.

What did Raphael's biographer claim caused his death?

Too much love.

Why did Paul III convene the Council of Trent?

To address the Protestant Reformation and reform the Catholic Church.

Who commissioned the Tempietto?

Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain.

How does Titian's Madonna of the Pesaro Family differ from High Renaissance compositions?

Diagonal composition.

What is an Arcadian reverie?

An idealized pastoral scene.

Who is the artist known for his remarkable sense of color and ability to convey light?

Titian.