Civilizations

Mesopotamia

Region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers; home to the first civilization.

Sumer

First true civilization in Mesopotamia, known for a defined social hierarchy and the first form of writing.

Gilgamesh

A significant figure in Sumer; associated with the earliest forms of literature.

Sargon

Leader of Akkadia who conquered Sumer and built the first empire, showcasing cultural diversity.

Hammurabi

Ruler of Babylonia known for the first codified law system encompassing both criminal and civil laws.

Darius

Persian leader who established the first bureaucracy and promoted trade, weights and measures, and Zoroastrianism.

Zoroastrianism

The first monotheistic religion that originated in Persia.

Phoenicia

Ancient civilization, equivalent to modern-day Lebanon and Syria, known for creating the first alphabet and relying on trade.

Coded Law System

Hammurabi's significant achievement that aimed at protecting weaker members of society through established laws.

First Civilization

Sumer is recognized as the first civilization due to its advancements in writing, social structure, and religion.