Pre-Quiz #2 - Skin, Hair, Pain, Nails

The Social Determinants of Health include the following, EXCEPT:

Neighborhood and built environment

Economic stability

Number of tertiary hospitals in the area

Education access and quality

Number of tertiary hospitals in the area.

An Asian-American woman is experiencing diarrhea, which is believed to be “cold” or “yin.” The nurse expects that the woman is likely to try to treat it with:

Readings and Eastern medicine meditations.

No treatment is tried because diarrhea is an expected part of life.

High doses of medicines believed to be “cold.”

Foods that are “hot” or “yang.”

Foods that are “hot” or “yang”

Explanation: Yin foods are cold and yang foods are hot. Cold foods are eaten with a hot illness, and hot foods are eaten with a cold illness. The other explanations do not reflect the yin/yang theory.

A woman brings her husband to the clinic for an examination. She is particularly worried because after a recent fall, he seems to have lost a great deal of his memory of recent events. Which statement reflects the nurse’s best course of action?

Reassure his wife that memory loss after a physical shock is normal and will soon subside.

Refer him to a psychometrician.

Perform a complete mental status examination.

Gather all subjective data from the wife

Perform a complete mental status examination.

The four main headings of mental status assessment are: 

attitude, behavior, cognition, thought processes

affect, behavior, cognition, thought processes

appearance, behavior, cognition, treatment

appearance, behavior, cognition, thought processes

appearance, behavior, cognition, thought processes

The general survey consists of four distinct areas. These areas include:

gait, range of motion, mental status, and behavior.

physical appearance, body structure, mobility, and behavior.

mental status, speech, behavior, and mood and affect.

level of consciousness, personal hygiene, mental status, and physical condition.

physical appearance, body structure, mobility, and behavior.

Explanation: The general survey is a study of the whole person, covering the general health state and any obvious physical characteristics. The four areas of the general survey are physical appearance, body structure, mobility, and behavior.
A general survey does not include assessment of mental status and physical condition.

Data collection for the general survey begins:

during the mental status examination.

at the beginning of the physical examination.

while taking vital signs.

at the first encounter.

at the first encounter.

Explanation: The general survey is initiated at the first encounter with the patient.

Physical appearance includes statements that compare appearance with:

gait.

stated age.

nutrition.

mood and affect.

stated age.

Explanation: Physical appearance includes statements that compare appearance with age, sex, level of consciousness, skin color, and facial features.
Behavior is compared with mood and affect.
Mobility is compared with gait.
Body structure is compared with nutrition.

What type of pain is short and self-limiting and dissipates after the injury heals?

Chronic

Persistent

Acute

Breakthrough

Acute

Explanation: Acute pain is short-term and self-limiting, often follows a predictable trajectory, and dissipates after an injury heals.
Chronic pain lasts 6 months or longer; the pain persists after the predicted trajectory.
Persistent pain is another term for chronic pain.
Breakthrough pain starts again or escalates before the next scheduled analgesic dose.

The nurse is assessing a patient’s pain. The nurse knows that the most reliable indicator of pain would be the:

Results of a computerized axial tomographic scan.

Patient’s vital signs.

Physical examination.

Subjective report.

Subjective report.

Explanation: The subjective report is the most reliable indicator of pain. Physical examination findings can lend support, but the clinician cannot exclusively base the diagnosis of pain on physical assessment findings.

A 4-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his mother. She says he points to his stomach and says, “It hurts so bad.” Which pain assessment tool would be the best choice when assessing this child’s pain?

Brief inventory scale

Numeric rating scale

Descriptor scale

Faces Pain Scale

Faces Pain Scale

An example of a primary lesion is a(n):

ulcer.

erosion.

urticaria.

port-wine stain.

Urticaria

Explanation: Urticaria is a primary lesion; a primary lesion is one that develops on previously unaltered skin.
Erosions are secondary lesions; a secondary lesion is one that changes over time or changes because of a factor such as scratching or infection.
Ulcers are secondary lesions; a secondary lesion is one that changes over time or changes because of a factor such as scratching or infection.
A port-wine stain is a vascular lesion.

Which of the following is a secondary lesion:

scale

bulla

macule

pustule

scale

When a nurse is asking a patient about their FAMILY HISTORY in reference to their skin examination, which of the following would be important to note? 

Xerosis

Pruritis

melanoma

Sunburns

melanoma

The worst stage when staging an ulcer is: 

1

4

10

5

4

Match the terms on the left column with the definitions on the right column

1. skin mobility

2. cyanosis

3. vitiligo

4. turgor

a. bluish mottled color on skin

b. ability of skin to return to place promptly when released

c. ease of skin to rise

d. complete absence of melanin pigment in patchy areas in the body

skin mobility - ease of skin to rise

cyanosis - bluish mottled color on skin

vitiligo - complete absence of melanin pigment in patchy areas in the body

turgor - ability of skin to return to place promptly when released