Bioethics in Healthcare - Sexuality, Marriage, and Human Reproduction

Flashcards covering key bioethical concepts, laws, and Filipino cultural values related to human sexuality, marriage, and assisted reproduction.

Bioethics

The systematic study of ethical issues in medicine and healthcare that addresses moral questions arising from scientific advances, technological applications, and human life decisions.

Human Sexuality

A complex interplay of physical, emotional, psychological, and social factors that define a person’s sexual identity, desires, behaviors, and relationships.

Gender Identity

An internal sense of one’s own gender, which may differ from biological sex.

Sexual Orientation

A pattern of attraction to others, categorized into types such as Heterosexual, Homosexual, Bisexual, or Asexual.

Hiya

A Filipino cultural value related to privacy and conservative values that may prevent the disclosure of sexual information due to fear of judgment.

Executive Order $209$

Also known as the Family Code of the Philippines, it provides the legal definition of marriage as a permanent union between a man and a woman.

Assisted Human Reproduction (AHR)

Techniques used to achieve pregnancy by handling eggs, sperm, or embryos outside the body or through artificial means.

Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)

A procedure where sperm is prepared and placed directly inside the uterus to facilitate fertilization.

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

A laboratory procedure where eggs and sperm are combined in a dish, and the resulting embryos are transferred to the uterus.

Ovarian Stimulation

The use of medications to induce the ovaries to produce multiple eggs for retrieval during assisted reproduction.

Beneficence

The ethical principle of acting in the best interests of patients and promoting their well-being.

Non-Maleficence

The ethical principle of minimizing physical and psychological harm and avoiding risks to the patient.

Justice

The ethical principle referring to the fair distribution of benefits and burdens and equitable access to fertility treatments without discrimination.

Fidelity

The ethical principle of keeping promises, maintaining trust, and adhering to professional standards.

Republic Act $10354$

Also known as the Reproductive Health Law, it provides access to reproductive healthcare services, information, and free contraceptives in government health centers.

Mature Minor Doctrine

A provision under the RH Law allowing minors to access reproductive health services without parental consent if they are mature enough to understand consequences.

Republic Act $9173$

The Philippine Nursing Act of $2002$, which regulates nursing practice and enforces ethical standards set by the Board of Nursing.

Commodification

The ethical implication of viewing reproduction, human life, embryos, or gametes as items for sale or business transactions.

Kapwa

A Filipino cultural value representing shared identity and unity in the provision of care.

Utang na Loob

A Filipino cultural value referring to the debt of gratitude or obligation that shapes family and health decisions.